States of matter vocab Flashcards
L1: Solid
A substance which exists in the solid-state
Liquid
a fluid (such as water) that has no independent shape but has a definite volume and does not expand indefinitely and that is only slightly compressible.
Gas
a substance that is in a gaseous, or vaporous, state of matter.
Plasma
an electrically charged gas. Because plasma particles have an electrical charge
Melting
a process that causes a substance to change from a solid to a liquid when there is heat
Freezing
the process that causes a substance to change from a liquid to a solid.
Vaporationzation
the process in which the liquid state changes into the vapour state
Evaporation
the process that changes liquid water to gaseous water (water vapor).
Condensation
the process by which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water.
Sublimation
conversion of a substance from the solid to the gaseous state without its becoming liquid.
Deposition
the laying down of sediment carried by wind, flowing water, the sea or ice.
Boiling Point
the temperature at which the substance transitions from a liquid to the gaseous phase.
Melting Point
the point at which materials changes from a solid to a liquid.
Temperature
the measure of hotness or coldness expressed in terms of any of several scales, including Fahrenheit and Celsius.
Thermal Energy
the energy contained within a system that is responsible for its temperature.
Kinetic Energy
a form of energy that an object or a particle has by reason of its motion
Kinetic molecular theory
explains the states of matter, and is based on the idea that matter is composed of tiny particles that are always in motion
L2: Celsius
a scale for measuring temperature, in which water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees.
Kelvin
symbol K, is the SI unit of thermodynamic temperature
Fahrenheit
a scale for measuring temperature, in which water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees
Heating Curve
a graphical representation of the correlation between heat input and the temperature of a substance
Endothermic process
chemical reactions in which the reactants absorb heat energy from the surroundings to form products
Exothermic process
a chemical or physical process that absorbs heat from its surroundings.
Heat Capacity
the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a given quantity of matter by one degree Celsius.
