STATES OF MATTER

Question 1

properties of solids

Answer 1

• strong forces
• definite shape
• definite volume
• fixed position
• cannot be compressed
• cannot be passed through

Question 2

properties of liquids

Answer 2

• weak forces
• no definite shape (flows to take shape of container)
• definite volume
• cannot be compressed
• can be passed through

Question 3

properties of gases

Answer 3

• very weak/ no forces
• particles free to move apart
• no definite shape or volume
• fill container
• can be compressed

Question 4

what does the state of matter depend on?

Answer 4

strength of forces of attraction

Question 5

what does the strength of the forces of attraction depend on?

Answer 5

1. material
2. temperature
3. pressure

Question 6

properties of solid (PARTICLES)

Answer 6

• regular/ lattice arrangement
• fixed position
• vibrate

Question 7

what happens when you add heat to a solid

Answer 7

more vibrations, expands slightly, eventually melts to liquid

Question 8

properties of liquids (PARTICLES)

Answer 8

• randomly arranged
• particles tend to stick together
• particles move/ slide past each other

Question 9

what happens if you add heat to liquid?

Answer 9

particles move faster, eventually breaking forces of attraction and evaporating

Question 10

gas to liquid

Answer 10

condensation

Question 11

liquid to solid

Answer 11

freezing

Question 12

solid to liquid

Answer 12

melting

Question 13

liquid to gas

Answer 13

evaporating

Question 14

solid to gas

Answer 14

sublimation

Question 15

gas to solid

Answer 15

deposition

Question 16

properties of gases (PARTICLES)

Answer 16

• particles move in random motion
• irregular arrangement
• travel in straight lines

Question 17

what happens if u add heat to gas

Answer 17

particles will move faster, increasing pressure

Question 18

on a cooling curve, what does the horizontal line mean?

Answer 18

substance is changing state

Question 19

on a cooling curve, what does the diagonal part mean?

Answer 19

substance is either liquid/solid/gas

Question 20

what is pressure

Answer 20

the force exerted by particles on walls of container

Question 21

what happens to pressure when u decrease the volume of gas?

Answer 21

pressure increases (as molecules are closer together and hit the walls more often)

Question 22

when compressing gases, what happens to speed of particles?

Answer 22

it does NOT change

Question 23

what happens to pressure when gas is heated?

Answer 23

increases (as heat= particles move faster= hits wall with stronger force= higher pressure)

Question 24

relation between temperature and kinetic energy

Answer 24

+ temperature= + kinetic energy

Question 25

what must be supplied for substances to change state?

Answer 25

energy

Question 26

when cooling, is energy given out or taken in?

Answer 26

energy is given out to surroundings

Question 27

kinetic particle theory

Answer 27

• particles are constantly in motion
• particles in gases and liquids move randomly
• particles in gases do not attract each other
• particles in gases are so tiny that their volumes= ignored
• when particles in gases collide they bounce off of each other w/out any energy change overall