ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Question 1

number on top of element in period table

Answer 1

• mass number

- number of electrons/ protons

Question 2

number at bottom of element in period table

Answer 2

• atomic number

- number of protons

Question 3

charges of protons/electrons/neutrons

Answer 3

protons= +1
neutrons= 0
electrons= -1

Question 4

what happens when electrons are added or removed?

Answer 4

atom becomes charged ion

Question 5

electron configuration– number of electrons per shell

Answer 5

1= 2
2= 8
3= 8

Question 6

what is the elements “aim”

Answer 6

to become like noble gases– get a full outer shell

Question 7

what levels are filled first?

Answer 7

lowest energy levels

Question 8

example,, what is the electron configuration of sulfur (number 16)

Answer 8

2, 8, 6

Question 9

what is the group number?

Answer 9

the number of electrons on outermost shell (aka valency electrons)

Question 10

what do valency electrons determine?

Answer 10

chemical properties

Question 11

what is an element?

Answer 11

one type of atom only

Question 12

particles in solid elements

Answer 12

tightly packed

Question 13

particles in gas elements

Answer 13

usually in pairs (diatomic molecule)

Question 14

what is an isotope?

Answer 14

atoms of the same element which contain the same number of protons but different nucleon numbers

Question 15

+1 neutron name

Answer 15

deuterium atom

Question 16

+2 neutrons name

Answer 16

tritium atom

Question 17

radioisotopes

Answer 17

• decay over time and give off particle rays
• used in cancer treatment
• check for leaks in oil and gas pipelines

Question 18

compounds definition

Answer 18

made up of 2+ different types of atoms by chemical bonds

Question 19

mixture

Answer 19

2+ elements/ compounds that are NOT chemically bonded