States of Matter Flashcards
What are the 3 states of matter?
solid, liquid, gas
what substance will which a substance be at different temperatures?
above room temp = solid, below = liquid, very low = gas
How is the energy, movement and attraction of particles change as they are heated or cooled?
Heated = more energy, more movement of the particles and a weaker attraction Cooled = less energy, less movement and stronger forces of attraction
describe the process of melting
Melting is a process that causes a substance to change from a solid to a liquid. Melting occurs when the molecules of a solid speed up enough that the motion overcomes the attractions so that the molecules can move past each other as a liquid.
describe the process of freezing
Freezing is the process in which a liquid changes to a solid. It occurs when a liquid cools to a point at which its particles no longer have enough energy to overcome the force of attraction between them.
describe the process of boiling
Boiling is the process by which a liquid turns into a vapor when it is heated to its boiling point. This means that the partciles have enough energy to overcome the bonds between them and therefore turn into a gas.
what is the energy and temperature of a substance like when it is at the melting or boiling point?
the heat increases and the energy also does which allows the particles to overcome the forces holding them together so they turn state (into a liquid or gas)
why may substances have different melting and boiling points?
they will have different strengths of intermolecular forces holding them together therefore more or less energy will be required to break them down so there will be more or less heat needed to dot that.
what factors effect evaporation?
temperature, wind speed, surface area, humidity
