States of Matter

Question 1

assumptions of ideal gas (2)

Answer 1

no intermolecular forces between molecules

molecules take up no volume

Question 2

conditions for ideal gas

Answer 2

low pressure

high temperature

Question 3

kinetic theory of gases

Answer 3

move rapidly and randomly

all collisions are elastic

Question 4

relationship of ideal gas with pressure, temperature and volume

Answer 4

volume proportional to temperature

volume inversely proportional to pressure

Question 5

units of temperature, pressure and volume

Answer 5

Pa
m^3 (1000dm^3 = 1m^3)
K (+273)

Question 6

equation for gas equation

Answer 6

pV = nRT (R = 8.31)

Question 7

definition of vapour pressure

Answer 7

pressure exerted by vapour on top of the liquid

Question 8

equilibrium in closed system

Answer 8

water molecules in liquid water molecules in vapour

Question 9

when the liquid is at boiling point

Answer 9

vapour pressure = atm

Question 10

describe ionic lattice

Answer 10

3D arrangement of alternating positive/negative ions. Na+ /6Cl-

Question 11

properties of ionic compounds (5)

Answer 11

hard
brittle
high mp/bp
many are solbule
conduct electricity in solution/molten

Question 12

describe metallic lattices

Answer 12

ions surrouned by sea of electrons

Question 13

properties of metallic lattices

Answer 13

layers can slide over each other
malleable
high tensile strength

Question 14

describe alloy

Answer 14

mixture of two or more metals/ non metal and metal

Question 15

properties of alloy (3)

Answer 15

stronger than metal
lightweight
resistant to corrosion

Question 16

example of simple molecular lattice

Answer 16

iodine molecules - low mp

Question 17

types of giant molecular structures

Answer 17

graphite/diamond/silicon oxide

Question 18

definition of allotropes

Answer 18

different molecular forms of same element

Question 19

properties of graphite (3)

Answer 19

high mp/bp
softness
good conductor of electricity

Question 20

structure of graphite (3)

Answer 20

carbon atoms in hexagon
3C + 3e
layers of carbon atoms kept next to each other by weak vanderwaals

Question 21

structure of diamond (3)

Answer 21

tetrahedral
four covalent bonds
regular arrangement

Question 22

properties of diamond (3)

Answer 22

high mp/bp
hard
does not conduct ANYTHING

Question 23

structure of silicon (IV) oxide

Answer 23

Si + 4O2

O2 + 2Si

Question 24

properties of silivon (IV) oxide (2)

Answer 24

high mp/bp

does not conduct electricity

Question 25

definition of fullerenes

Answer 25

allotropes of carbon in form of hollow spheres/tubes

Question 26

properties of buckministerfullerene (5)

Answer 26

(sphere)
low sublimation point
soft
poor conductor
slightly soluble 
more reactive than diamond/graphite

Question 27

properties of nanotubes (3)

Answer 27

(tubes)
high electrical conducitivity
high tensile strength
high melting points

Question 28

structure of graphene (2)

Answer 28

isolated layer of graphite

hexagonally arranged

Question 29

properties of graphene (3)

Answer 29

most chemically reactive form of carbon
strong for its mass
conducts better than graphite

Question 30

purpose of conserving materials (4)

Answer 30

limited supply of ores
landfills
recycling saves energy
cheaper to recycle