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Chemistry > Chemical Bonding > Flashcards

Chemical Bonding Flashcards

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1
Q

definition of ionic bonding

A

electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

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2
Q

definition of covalent bonding

A

pair of electrons are shared between two atoms

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3
Q

definition of metallic bonding

A

electrostatic attraction between delocalised electrons and metal ions

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4
Q

definition of electronegativity

A

the ability of an atom to attract the bond pair of electrons towards itself in a covalent bond

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5
Q

2 bonded pairs

A

linear
180
BeCl2

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6
Q

3 bonded pairs

A

trigonal planar
120
BF3

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7
Q

4 bonded pairs

A

tetrahedral
109.5
CH4

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8
Q

3+1 bonded pairs

A

pyrimidal
107
NH3

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9
Q

2+2 bonded pairs

A

V shaped
104.5
H2O

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10
Q

5 bonded pairs

A

trigonal bypyrimidal
120 + 90
PF5

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11
Q

6 bonded pairs

A

octahedral
90
SF6

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12
Q

dative covalent bonding

A

one atom provides both the electrons needed for a covalent bond

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13
Q

order of repulsion

A

lone pair-lone pair > lone pair - bond pair > bond pair - bond pair

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14
Q

intermolecular forces

A

vanderwaals/permanent dipole-dipole/hydrogen bonding

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15
Q

increase vander waals with..

A

number of electrons and contact points

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16
Q

what is needed for hydrogen bonding..

A

hydrogen atom and electronegative element + long pair of electrons

17
Q

hydrogen bonding in water..

A

higher enthalpy change of vaporisation
surface tension
ice is less dense than water - long hydrogen bonds

18
Q

definition of bond energy

A

amount of heat needed to break 1 mol of compound into gaseous atoms

19
Q

definition of bong length

A

distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms

20
Q

definition of bond polarity

A

atoms having dipole moment or separation of charges

21
Q

intermolecular forces influences..

A

bp/mp/temperature

22
Q

bonding influences..

A

reactivity

23
Q

electronegativity trend

A

increase across period, decrease down group

24
Q

polar molecule has (2)

A

asymetrical distribution of electron charge

two atoms are partially charged

25
Q

single covalent bond

A

s orbital

26
Q

double covalent bond

A

pi bond

27
Q

types of hybridisation

A

sp3/sp2/sp orbitals

Chemistry (15 decks)

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