States of Matter Flashcards
Four states of matter
solid, liquid, gas, plasma
states of matter
based upon particle arrangement
based upon the energy of particles
based upon distance between particles
Kinetic Theory of Matter
- all matter is made of atoms and molecules that act like tiny particles
-these tiny particles are always in motion, the higher the temp, the faster the particles move - at the same temp, more massive (heavier) particles move slower than less massive (lighter) particles
Solids
-Particles of solid are tightly packed, vibrating about a fixed position
-solids have a definite shape and a definite volume
liquid
-particles of a liquid are tightly packed but are far enough apart to slide over one another
-liquid has an indefinite shape and definite volume
gas
-particles of gases are very far apart and move freely
-gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
Solid to liquid
solid to liquid - melting - heat goes into the solid as it melts
Liquid to solid
Liquid to solid - freezing - heat leaves the liquid as it freezes
Liquid to gas
Liquid to gas - Vaporization, which includes boiling and evaporation - Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes.
Gas to liquid
gas to liquid - condensation - heat leaves the gas as it condenses
solid to gas
solid to gas - sublimation - heat goes into the solid as it sublimates
plasma
- a plasma is an ionized gas
-very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields
-plasmas, like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume
-plasma is the common state of matter
Phase Diagrams
shows the equilibria pressure-temperature relationship among the different phases of a given substance
Triple point
the point at which all 3 phases of a substance (solid,liquid, gas) can coexist at equilibrium
Critical Point
the combination of critical temperature and critical pressure
