Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physics GCSE > States Of Matter (10) > Flashcards

States Of Matter (10) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Geography - AQA flashcards Physics 101 flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards AP® Physics flashcards
1
Q

Density is ________ per unit _________

A

Mass per unit volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Density is a measure of the ‘______________’ of a substance

A

‘Compactness’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Density = (equation)

A

Mass / volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The density of an object depends on what it’s made of. Density doesn’t vary with _______

A

Size or shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The average ___________ of an object determines whether it floats or sinks

A

Density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A solid object will float on a fluid if it has a __________ density than the fluid

A

Lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

To measure the density of a substance, take measurements of the ________ and ____________ and use the formula:

A

Mass
Volume
Density = mass / volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pressure is ___________ per unit _________

A

Force per unit area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

1 pascal is defined as ___ N/m²

A

1 N/m²

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pressure is the measure of the _________ being applied to the surface of something

A

Force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The same force applied over a larger area creates a __________ pressure

A

Lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The same force applied over a smaller area creates a ___________ pressure

A

Higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In gases and liquids at rest, the pressure at any point acts _____________ in all directions

A

Equally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In gases and liquids, pressure increases with ________

A

Depth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pressure difference in liquids and gases depends on ___________ and __________ difference. __________ has an effect too

A

Density
Height
Gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is pressure difference

A

The difference in pressure between two points in a liquid or gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the formula for pressure difference.

Pressure difference =

A

Pressure difference = height x density x gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The process of a solid turning to a liquid is called _____________

A

Melting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The process of a liquid turning into a gas is called ____________

A

Evaporating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The process of a gas turning into a liquid is called ____________

A

Condensing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The process of a liquid turning into solid is called ____________

A

Freezing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The particles in each state of matter are the same however the arrangement and ___________ of the particles are different

A

Energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How are the particles arranged in a solid

A

Strong forces of attraction hold the particles close together, in a fixed, regular position.
Particles don’t have much energy so they can only vibrate about their fixed positions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How are the particles arranged in a liquid

A

Weaker forces of attraction between particles.
Particles are close together, but can only move past each other, and form irregular arrangements.
They have more energy than a solid
They move in random directions at low speeds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How are the particles arranged in a gas

A

Almost no forces of attraction between the particles
Particles have more energy than those in liquids and solids and are free to move
Particles travel in random directions and at high speeds

26
Q

What happens when you heat a liquid

A

The heat energy makes the particles move faster. When the particles eventually have enough energy to overcome their attraction to each other, big bubbles of gas form in the liquid - this is boiling

27
Q

What happens when you heat a solid

A

Heat energy makes the particles vibrate faster until eventually the the forces between them are overcome and the particles start to move around - this is melting

28
Q

The melting point of a chemical is the temperature at which it turns from a __________ to a ____________

A

Solid to a liquid

29
Q

The boiling point is the temperature at which a __________ becomes a ______

A

Liquid becomes a gas

30
Q

________________ is when particles escape from a liquid and become gas particles

A

Evaporation

31
Q

Particles can evaporate from a liquid at temperatures that are much ____________ than the liquids boiling point

A

Lower

32
Q

Particles near the surface of a liquid can escape and become gas particles if: (2)

A

The particles are travelling in the right direction to escape the liquid
The particles are travelling fast enough (have enough KE) to overcome the attractive forces of the other particles in the liquid

33
Q

The fastest particles (with the most KE) are the ________ likely to evaporate from the liquid - so when they do, the average speed and ___________ energy of the remaining particles decreases. This decrease in average particle energy means the temperature of the remaining liquid _________ - leaving the liquid ____________. This cooling effect can be really useful - e.g. when you sweat you cool down

A

Most
Kinetic
Falls
Cooler

34
Q

Kinetic energy is proportional to ___________________

A

Temperature

35
Q

If you double the temperature (in kelvins) you double the average ____________ energy of the particles

A

Kinetic

36
Q

What is brownian motion

A

The theory that large, heavy particles can be moved by smaller, lighter particles travelling at high speeds - which is why the appear to move around randomly.

37
Q

How many Kelvins equals 1°C

A

273

38
Q

What is absolute zero in kelvins

A

0

39
Q

What is absolute zero in °C

A

-273°C

40
Q

What does 0°C represent

A

Freezing point of water

41
Q

What does 0K represent

A

Absolute zero

42
Q

What is boiling point in °C

A

100°C

43
Q

What is boiling point in K

A

373K

44
Q

What does 373K represent

A

Boiling point of water

45
Q

What does 273K represent

A

Freezing point of water

46
Q

If you increase the temperature of something, you give its particles more ____________

A

Energy

47
Q

If you cool a substance down, you’re _____________ the kinetic energy of the particles

A

Reducing

48
Q

The coldest that anything can ever get is ___K or _______°C - this temperature is known as _______________ _______

A

0K or -273°C

Absolute zero

49
Q

At absolute zero, atoms have as little ____________ energy as it’s possible to get

A

Kinetic

50
Q

A temperature change of 1°C is a change of ____ kelvin

A

1 Kelvin

51
Q

To convert from degrees Celsius to Kelvins, just ____ 273

A

+273

Add 273

52
Q

To convert from Kelvins to degrees Celsius, just ____ 273

A

-273

Subtract 273

53
Q

Particle theory says that colliding gas particles create _____________

A

Pressure

54
Q

Although gas particles are light, they do weigh something and when they collide with something they exert a ___________on it and they change direction. In a sealed container, gas particles smash against the container’s walls - creating an outward ______________

A

Pressure

Pressure

55
Q

Pressure depends on how ________ the particles are going and how often they hit the walls

A

Fast

56
Q

If you heat a gas then the particles move faster and have more __________ energy. This increase means the particles hit the container __________ and more often, creating more ___________

A

Kinetic energy
Harder
Pressure

57
Q

Temperature and ____________ are proportional

A

Pressure

58
Q

Name 2 things that temperature is proportional to

A

Kinetic energy

Pressure

59
Q

If you put the same amount of particles in a bigger container then the pressure would ____________. Why

A

Decrease

Because particles hit the walls less often

60
Q

p1 x V1 =

A

p2 x V2

61
Q

p1 / T1 =

A

P2 / T2

Physics GCSE (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions