Starred Lecture Items L18

Question 1

where does the spinal cord split into striations

Answer 1

L1/L2

Question 2

dermatomes of foot

Answer 2

top:
S1 lateral malleolus
L5 middle
L4 medial malleolus
bottom:
medial heel area/ arch
S1 lateral
L5 middle
L4 big toe

Question 3

spondylolisthesis/ majority of disc problems: where does it occur

Answer 3

L4-S1?

Question 4

cutaneous innervation of the foot

Answer 4

?

Question 5

what is the main medial rotator of the hip

Answer 5

TFL

Question 6

causes of sciatica

Answer 6

herniated NP
spondylosis
spondylolysis/spondylolthesis
spinal stenosis
osteophytes
piriformis syndrome
hamstring stretch

Question 7

the piriformis separates the greater sciatic foramen into _____ and ______

Answer 7

superior
inferior

Question 8

which direction does the common fib nerve go (medial/lateral)

Answer 8

lateral

Question 9

what’s the first muscle inferior to piriformis

Answer 9

superior gemelli

Question 10

what is piriformis syndrome & who is it common in

Answer 10

portion of the sciatic nerve can pierce the piriformis or piriformis becomes chronically tight/spasm

common in ice skaters; cyclists

Question 11

where can the lateral cutaneous nerve get entrapped

Answer 11

immediately under inguinal ligament

Question 12

causes of meralgia paraesthetica (lateral femoral cutaneous nerve entrapement)

Answer 12

tight clothing
obesity
pregnancy
local trauma
diabetes

Question 13

femoral nerve entrapment sites

Answer 13

beneath iliopsoas tendon
inguinal ligament
femoral triangle
adductor canal

Question 14

obturator nerve entrapment sites & what would happen

Answer 14

anterior hip dislocation
prostate surgery

difficulty adducting the thigh
decreased sensation over upper medial thigh (not knee*)

Question 15

causes of superior gluteal nerve entrapment and symptoms

Answer 15

piriformis muscle compression

symptoms: achy buttock pain, waddling gait, tender to palpation (TTP)

Question 16

nerve most often injured in the lower limb and what is the condition

Answer 16

common fibular nerve injury

drop foot

Question 17

deep fibular nerve entrapment: where does pain occur and what is the syndrome called

Answer 17

pain between dorsum of the foot and radiates to the web space between 1st and 2nd toes

ski boot syndrome

Question 18

superficial fibular nerve entrapment: where is the pain and what are the symptoms

Answer 18

pain along lateral side of the leg and the dorsum of the ankle and foot
numbness and paresthesia

Question 19

pudendal nerve entrapment: name and when does pain occur

Answer 19

pudendal neuralgia
perineal pain with sitting

Question 20

which bone(s) are stable during knee locking/ unlocking for closed chain? open chain?

Answer 20

closed chain: tibia is fixed
open chain: femur is fixed

Question 21

popliteal cyst what causes it? laymans term? who is it common in?

Answer 21

fluid filled growth behind the knee
bakers cyst
common in children (can grow large in adults)

Question 22

sural nerve entrapment (sensory or motor issue)
where would pain happen

Answer 22

sensory

popliteal area/ back of calf

Question 23

sural nerve entrapment sites

Answer 23

fibrous arcade at lower lateral leg
bakers cyst
gastroc strains
5th metatarsal

Question 24

tibial nerve irritation can occur in what parts of the body? (double crush)

Answer 24

back (L4-S2 ish)
foot– tarsal tunnel

Question 25

medial plantar nerve entrapment (baxter’s neuropathy)– what else is it called

Answer 25

jogger’s foot

Question 26

what three movements are involved in pronation

Answer 26

ankle dorsiflexion
eversion
forefoot abduction

Question 27

what three movements are involved in supination

Answer 27

ankle plantarflexion
inversion
forefoot adduction