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Anatomy E3 > Starred Items L17 > Flashcards

Starred Items L17 Flashcards

1
Q

myotome:
lateral hip ER
medial hip IR

A

S1/L5

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2
Q

myotome: hip adduction

A

L3

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3
Q

myotome: hip abduction

A

L5

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4
Q

myotome: ankle inversion

A

L4

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5
Q

myotome: ankle eversion

A

S1

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6
Q

myotome: hip extension

A

S2

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7
Q

myotome: hip flexion

A

L2

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8
Q

myotome: knee extension

A

L3

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9
Q

myotome: knee flexion

A

S2

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10
Q

myotome: dorsiflexion

A

L4

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11
Q

myotome: plantar flexion

A

S1

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12
Q

myotome: toe extension

A

L5

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13
Q

myotome: toe flexion

A

S2

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14
Q

foot dermatomes from lateral to medial (top view)

A

S1, L5, L2

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15
Q

what attaches right above soleal line

A

popliteus

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16
Q

is lateral or medial malleolus more distal

A

lateral

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17
Q

where is the tibial plafond located

A

area of distal tibia that is not the medial malleolus

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18
Q

joint responsible for IR and ER of lower leg

A

proximal/distal tibiofibular joint

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19
Q

in closed chain screw home mechanism, knee locks by _______ rotating the _______ on the fixed ________ to allow knee extension

A

medially
femur
tibia

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20
Q

in open chain screw home mechanism knee locks by _______ rotating the _______ on the fixed ________ to allow knee extension

A

laterally
tibia
femur

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21
Q

in closed chain screw home mechanism knee unlocks by ______ rotating the ____ on the fixed ______ to allow knee flexion (popliteus contracts)

A

laterally
femur
tibia

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22
Q

in open chain screw home mechanism knee unlocks by ______ rotating the ____ on the fixed ______ to allow knee flexion (popliteus contracts)

A

medially
tibia
femur

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23
Q

does tibialis posterior go to toes

A

no

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24
Q

superficial (triceps surae) posterior lower leg muscles and what nerve

A

gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris
Tibial nerve S1, S2

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25
Q

deep posterior lower leg muscles and what nerve

A

popliteus
flexor hallicis longus
flexor digitorum longus
tibialis posterior
Tibial nerve

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26
Q

gastrocnemius plantarflexes ankle joint when knee is _______ while soleus plantarflexes ankle joint when knee is _______

A

gastroc: extended
soleus: in all positions

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27
Q

distal attachment of flexor digitorum longus

A

distal phalynx

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28
Q

what muscle attaches to interosseous membrane, tibia, and fibula

A

tibialis posterior

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29
Q

what is the foot arch tendon

A

tibialis posterior

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30
Q

tibialis posterior can rupture by

A

aging
pregnancy
(full body weight on it)bi

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31
Q

lateral lower leg group and nerve

A

fibularis longus
fibularis brevis
superficial fibular nerve

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32
Q

what are the only two muscles enervated by the superficial fibular nerve

A

fibularis longus
fibularis brevis

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33
Q

when does fibularis brevis become a tendon

A

at the lateral malleolus

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34
Q

what muscles do lower leg eversion

A

fibularis longus
fibularis brevis

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35
Q

what does an avulsion indicate

A

tendon is stronger than the bone
(bone breaks bc tendon is pulling on it)

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36
Q

broken pinky toe causes

A

avulsion fracture at the base of the 5th metatarsal
jones fracture
stress fracture
fibularis brevis
ankle sprain

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37
Q

distal to proximal 5th metatarsal injuries

A

stress fracture
jones fracture
avulsion fracture

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38
Q

anterior leg muscle compartment and which nerve

A

tibialis anterior
extensor hallucis longus
extensor digitorum longus
fibularis tertius
deep fibular nerve

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39
Q

which fibularis muscle is not enervated by the superficial fibular nerve

A

tertius

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40
Q

if muscle runs under malleoli it….

A

plantar flex

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41
Q

if muscle runs above/superior malleoli it…..

A

dorsi flex

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42
Q

heel bone

A

calcaneus

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43
Q

first ray of the foot bones

A
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44
Q

what does the cuboid articulate with

A

metatarsal 4 and 5

45
Q

what is the sustentaculum tali

46
Q

where are the sesamoid bones in the foot

A

plantar side of big toe

47
Q

forefoot bones

A

metatarsals, phalanges

48
Q

midfoot bones

A

cuboid, navicular, cuneiforms

49
Q

hindfoot bones

A

calcaneus, talus

50
Q

cuboid pulley system

51
Q

which actions occur at the talocrural joint

A

dorsiflexion and plantarflexion

52
Q

how many ligament parts at the medial ankle and what ligament do they make up

A

4
deltoid ligament

53
Q

lateral ankle ligaments

A

anterior talofibular ligament
posterior talofibular ligament
calcaneofibular ligament

54
Q

most common lateral ankle ligament injury

A

anterior talofibular ligament

55
Q

rolled ankle: another name, what ligaments and what action causes it

A

lateral ankle sprain
ATFL
calcaneofibular ligament?
inversion/plantarflexion

56
Q

high ankle sprain involves…… & caused by

A

tibiofibular syndesmosis
lower leg is forced into dorsiflexion and eversion

57
Q

ottawa ankle fracture: xray needed if tenderness in

A

lateral malleolus
medial malleolus

58
Q

ottawa foot fracture: xray needed if tenderness in

A

base of 5th metatarsal
navicular

59
Q

what is involved in a trimalleolar fracture

A

lateral malleolus
medial malleolus
plafond

60
Q

subtalar joint: what articulates

A

calcaneus and talus

61
Q

what action happens at subtalar joints

A

inversion and eversion

62
Q

what are the two transverse tarsal joints and what are they also called

A

calcaneocuboid joint
talocalcaneonavicular joint

chopart joint

63
Q

talocalcaneonavicular joint ligaments

A

plantar calcaneonavicular (spring ligament)
plantar calcaneocuboid (short plantar ligament)
long plantar ligament

64
Q

lisfranc injury: what ligament is involved, what bones are involved, what area of the foot, what action causes

A

lisfranc ligament
cuneiform and 2nd metatarsal
midfoot
foot twisting

65
Q

tarsal tunnel contents run posterior and inferior to which malleolus

A

medial malleolus

66
Q

tarsal tunnel order and pneumonic

A

tom dick and very nervous harry (tibialis posterior tendon, flexor digitorum longus tendon, tibial artery, tibial vein, tibial nerve, flexor hallucis longus)

67
Q

what muscles prevent ankle rolling

A

fibularis longus and brevis

68
Q

does the fibularis tertius plantar flex or dorsiflex

69
Q

which of the fibularis muscles does not plantar flex: fibularis longus, fibularis tertius, fibularis brevis

A

fibularis tertius

70
Q

which two muscles distally attach to the same two bones (???) coming from different directions

A

fibularis longus
tib anterior

71
Q

tarsal tunnel issues happen in people with….

A

flat lowered arches

72
Q

bunion technical term and what occurs

A

hallux valgus
big toe rotates out– is in adduction, reduces medial longitudinal arch

73
Q

which ankle sprain would most likely injure the superior extensor retinaculum

A

high ankle sprain

74
Q

which ankle sprain would most likely injure the inferior extensor retinaculum

A

lateral ankle sprain

75
Q

what can be injured with a lateral ankle sprain

76
Q

dynamic arch of the foot support

A

tibialis posterior
tibialis anterior
flexor hallucis longus
fibularis longus
intrinsic plantar muscles
calcaneal tendon

77
Q

passive arch of the foot support

A

plantar aponeurosis (fascia)
short plantar ligament
long plantar ligament
plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament

78
Q

what form the sole “stirrup” and support the transverse arch area

A

tibialis posterior and fibularis longus

79
Q

where does the plantar aponeurosis start

A

medial process of calcaneal tuberosity

80
Q

extensor hood of the foot

81
Q

intrinsic muscles of the dorsal side of the foot

A

only found within the foot region
EDB
EHB

82
Q

which muscle may be involved if there is pain at the floor of the sinus tarsi

83
Q

what side is the saphenous vein on

A

medial side

84
Q

superficial veins of the lower leg

A

great saphenous
small saphenous
dorsal venous

85
Q

deep veins of the lower leg

A

anterior tibial
posterior tibial
plantar venous arch

86
Q

where does the popliteal artery change names from the ATA to PTA

A

at the bifurcation at the soleal line

87
Q

what is the parent structure of the fibular artery

A

posterior tibial artery

88
Q

where is the dorsalis pedis pulse found

A

between first and second ray

89
Q

which toe is the reference for toe movements

90
Q

first layer of the foot muscles

A

abductor hallucis
abductor digiti minimi
flexor digitorum brevis

91
Q

what splits and allows flexor digitorum longus to reach the distal phalynx of the toe

A

flexor digitorum brevis splits

92
Q

what’s the parent structure of the plantar nerve

A

tibial nerve

93
Q

muscles in the second layer of the foot

A

quadratus plantae
lumbrical muscles

94
Q

what originates off flexor digitorum longus of the foot

A

lumbricals

95
Q

what enervates the medial lumbrical of the foot and what enervates the lateral three lumbricals

A

medial: medial plantar nerve (L5-S1)
lateral: lateral plantar nerve (S1-S3)

96
Q

what tendons are the two sesamoids of the great toe located in

A

flexor hallucis brevis

97
Q

muscles in the third layer of the foot

A

adductor hallucis
flexor hallucis brevis
flexor digiti minimi brevis

98
Q

muscles in the fourth layer of the foot

A

plantar interossei (1-3)
dorsal interossei (1-4)

99
Q

is size or presence of a bone spur indicative of pain or symptoms

100
Q

what tendon do the posterior lower leg muscles (triceps surae) attach to

A

achilles tendon

101
Q

what actions do the deep posterior lower leg muscles do

A

flex the digits, great toe, and invert the ankle

102
Q

what actions does the lateral lower leg do

A

evert at the ankle

103
Q

what does the sciatic nerve split into

A

common fibular nerve and tibial nerve

104
Q

whats the parent structure of the common fibular nerve

A

sciatic nerve

105
Q

whats the parent structure of the tibial nerve

A

sciatic nerve

106
Q

what does the common fibular nerve split into

A

superficial and deep

107
Q

what does the superficial fibular nerve enervate

A

fibularis longus and brevis

108
Q

what does the deep fibular nerve enervate

A

all of the anterior compartment and dorsum of foot

109
Q

what does the tibial nerve split into

A

medial and lateral plantar nerves

Anatomy E3 (6 decks)

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