Standards and Creativity

Question 1

Define: PRESCRIPTIVISM

Answer 1

The attempt to lay down rules defining preferred or “socially correct” use of language

Question 2

Define: ACRONYM

Answer 2

Signs built from the initial letters in a phrase or word and pronounced as single words e.g. NASA, AIDS

Question 3

Define: STANDARDISATION

Answer 3

The process of ‘establishing one language variety (either in speaking or writing) as the norm against which all other usage is measured’ (Baron 2000)

Question 4

Define: PHONETIC SPELLING

Answer 4

Signs that represent sound and voices associated with certain accent and ways of speaking e.g. ‘dat’

Question 5

Define: STANDARD WRITING

Answer 5

The writing patterns that are widely accepted and adopted as the norm for a particular language

Question 6

Define: TRANSLETTERATION

Answer 6

The replacement of letters or characters on the basis of the way they look e.g. —- ‘3’

Question 7

Define: PICTOGRAM

Answer 7

Symbols that convey meaning through their resemblance to a physical object e.g. a ‘no smoking’ sign

Question 8

Define: LOGOGRAM

Answer 8

Signs that are conventionally associated with certain meanings; no iconic relationship –no sound associations e.g. the ‘heart’ emoji = love

Question 9

Define: CONSONANT WRITING

Answer 9

Also known as ‘disemvowling’ and is where signs represent concepts through a series of consonants e.g. ‘tmrw’, ‘txt’

Question 10

Define: DESCRIPTIVISM

Answer 10

An account of language that doesn’t make evaluative judgements about its use and standing in society

Question 11

Define: AESTHETIC WRITING

Answer 11

The play with the form and arrangement of letters e.g. ‘sP34k’

Question 12

Define: REBUS WRITING

Answer 12

Signs in which pictograms, numbers and letters are interpreted as sounds rather than concepts e.g. ‘B4’