Staircase And Slabs Flashcards
Staircase
An element that connects levels of a building by raising having a series of small levels of stairs
Components of stair
Inner and outer string
Tread
Raiser
Newel post
Balusters
Banister
Return nosing
Fascia
Landing
Curtail
Trader
Horizontal top part where we place footing while transiting
Raiser
Vertical member between two traders
Rise
Vertical distance between the upper face of two consecutive steps
Going
Width of the trade between two successive raise
Nosing
Outer projecting edge of tread made rounded to give pleasing appearance
Step
Portion of a step comprised of tread and raiser
Winder
Tapered steps used for changing direction
Handrail
Protective bar place at convenient distance to support hands
Balusters or spindle
Vertical member or filling between handrail and the base rail provides safety and aesthetic
Newel post
Vertical post placed at top and bottom edge of flights supporting handrail
Balustrade
Combination of framework of handrail and balusters
Soffit
Underside of a satir
Flight
Contentious series of steps without break
Landing
Platform provided between 2 flights
Types of staircase
Straight flight
L shaped
U shaped
Winder
Spiral
Curve
Bifurcated
Cantilever
Straight flights
Straightforward
Single liner flight with no change in direction
L shaped
Classic
90 degree turn at some point going left or right
U shaped
Bend is taken furter to form a u shape landing saperates 2 parallel flights aka dog lagged
Bifurcated
1 sweeping set of staircase further splitting into 2 smaller flights going into opposite directions
Winder
More complicated to l shaped
A set of wider (treaders that are wider on one direction ) takes place on place of landing
Spiral staircase
Compact design centred around a single pole
Has nerrow wedge shaoed treaders not easy to transverse
Curved staircase
Curve has no landing
Continuous forward bend of banisters
Cantilever staircase
Made to appear floating
Stringer are attached to 1 end of the treader and can be hidden or exposed
Adds interest and spaceousness
Slab
Structural elements made of concrete
Create flat horizontal surface such as floor ceiling roof deck
Several inches thick and supported by beams and columns
Types of slabes
One way slab
2 way slabs
Flat slabs
Ribbed slab
Waffle slab
1 way slab
Most common in construction
Uses between 4-6 inches of concrete to withstand heavy loads
Designed to application where 1 direction is supporting and other requires less supporting
Affordable
For commercial and residential
Limitations is that dose not have Span capabilities as other slabs
2 way flat slabs
Construction
Use
Construction uses supporting of Beams at all 4 corners to =ly distribute load
Used in multi storied building building where floors need to supporting the weight of additional floors
Flat slab
2 way reinforcement concrete slab does not have beams and girders
Load transmits directly to the supporting concrete columns
Utilizing a slab of uniform thickness
Ribbed slabs
Construction
Use
Made up of wide band beams running between columns + narrow ribs spanning the orthogonal direction
= depth
Thin topping slab completes system
Waffle slab and grid slab
Looks like waffle
Grand lobby of square pods system to house recessed lights alter acoustic
Wide span with minimal columns supporting
Construction and installation is costly and time consuming
