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Genpath Lec > Staining II > Flashcards

Staining II Flashcards

1
Q

An ___ medium is used for differentiation
after an acid dye

A

alkaline medium

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2
Q

natural dye that is extracted from the
core of heartwood of the tree Haematoxvlon champechianum

A

Hematoxylin

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3
Q

by far the most valuable staining
reagent used by the cytologist due to its
powerful nuclear and active coloring
agent

A

Hematoxylin

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4
Q

formed by Oxidation of Hematoxylin

A

Hematin

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5
Q

Usually done by exposing the substance
to air and sunlight, thereby oxidizing
hematoxylin

A

RIPENING

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6
Q

Ripening has a slow process ___ months but it can be accelerated by adding strong oxidizing agents

A

(3-4 months)

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7
Q

Without a mordant, ripened hematoxylin
is almost useless because of its ____ for tissue itself

A

inherent low affinity

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8
Q

The complex of stain and mordant is called
a

A

“LAKE”

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9
Q

Most commonly used mordant

A

Aluminum

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10
Q

Aluminum Gives a ___ appearance

A

blue lake

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11
Q

Increase the selectivity for nuclei, especially if acid is added or used as a differentiating agent

A

Aluminum

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12
Q

common staining solution method

A
  • hematoxylin
  • eosin
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13
Q

Examples of mordant used in hematoxylin staining

A

-Tungsten/Phototungstic acid (PTAH)
-Aluminum
-Ferric salt
-Iron
-Chromium
-Copper

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14
Q

Causes an intense blue-black appearance when used as a mordant

A

Ferric salt

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15
Q

A red acid dye used for cytoplasm
differentially

A

Eosin

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16
Q

Commonly used as a background orcontrast stain because it gives a leasing and useful contrast to nuclear stains such as hematoxylin

A

Eosin

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17
Q

Examples of eosin

A

Eosin Y
Eosin B
Eosin S/ Ethyl Eosin

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18
Q

most commonly used eosin dye

A

Eosin Y

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19
Q

most rarely used

A

Eosin B

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20
Q

rarely used

A

Eosin S/ Ethyl Eosin

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21
Q

Cytoplasms and proteins in edema fluid color reaction in H&E staining color reaction

A

Pale pink

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22
Q

Appear pink in H & E STAINING COLOR REACTION

A

. Decalcified bone
Osteoid
Collagen

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23
Q

Appear deep pink in H & E STAINING COLOR REACTION

A

Muscle fiber

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24
Q

Appear bright orange to red in H & E STAINING COLOR REACTION

A

RBC
Eosinophil granules
Keratin

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25
Q

Appear purplish blue in H& E

A

Calcium & Calcified bone

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26
Q

Appear purplish pink in H& E

A

Plasma cells
Osteoblast
Basophilic cytoplasm

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27
Q

Appear dark blue in H&E

A

Karyosome

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28
Q

Appear blue to blue black in H&E

A

Nucleus

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29
Q

appear light blue to dark blue

A

Cartilage

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30
Q

a specialized fixative used in frozen section which serves to localize antigens and hydrolytic enzymes

A

Formol Calcium

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31
Q

Formal calcium is also used for preservation of

A

lipids

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32
Q

It is similar with H and E technique but
the differentiation stage is omitted

A

Modified H and E Technique

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33
Q

commonly used for Pap-smear procedure (to detect vaginal cancer, uterine cancer etc.,)

A

Papanicolaou Stain

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34
Q

Papanicolaou Stain makes use of 3 stains:

A

Hematoxylin, OG-6 (orange green), Eosin Azure

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35
Q

For staining nuclear structures (Papanicolaou Stain)

A

Hematoxylin

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36
Q
  • for staining cytoplasm (Papanicolaou Stain)
A

OG-6 (orange green)

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37
Q

for staining cytoplasm of immature cells (ex. Intermediate and Parabasal cells) in Papanicolaou Stain

A

Eosin Azure

38
Q

Composition of eosin azure

A

Eosin, Bismarck brown, Lithium carbonate, PTA, Light green stain

39
Q

the different subtypes of light green stain

A

36, 50 ,65

40
Q

It omitted the Bismarck brown dye for
the eosin azure (EA) solution

A

Modified Pap’s Stain

41
Q

mixture of picric acid and acid fuchsin
for the demonstration of Connective
tissues, Mucin and Elastic tissue

A

Van Gieson’s (Acid fuchsin picric acid)

42
Q

basic acridine fluorochrome which permits discrimination between dead and living cells

A

Acridine Orange

43
Q

Acridine Orange gives ____ fluorescence
for DNA and a ___ fluorescence for RNA

A

Green for DNA, Red for RNA

44
Q

For calcium salts and phosphatase activity

A

Acridine Red 3B

45
Q

Stain acid mucopolysaccharides

A

Alcian Blue

46
Q

More specific for connective tissue and
epithelial mucin

A

Alcian Blue

47
Q

cytoplasmic stain used for counterstaining of epithelial sections

A

Aniline Blue

48
Q

Basic Fuchsin includes

A

Carbol fuchsin
Coleman’s Feulgen
Schiff’s
Mallory’s fuchsin
Aldehyde fuchsin
Gomori’s

49
Q

A plasma stain utilized also for deep staining
of acid fast organisms mitochondria, and
differentiation of smooth muscles with the use of picric acid

A

Basic Fuchsin

50
Q

Used for staining haemoglobin

A

Benzidine

51
Q

Used for contrast stain for Gram’s technique, acid fast and Papanicolau method

A

Bismarck brown

52
Q

Bismarck brown is used for staining

A

diphtheria

53
Q

Used as chromatin stain for fresh materials in smear preparations

A

Carmine

54
Q

Best carmine is combined with __ to stain ____

A

aluminum chloride to stain glycogen

55
Q

A mordanted dye acting as a basic dye
and staining acid substances

A

Mayer’s Carmalum solution

56
Q

Recommended for routine staining of fixed sections

A

Celestine Blue

57
Q

Congo red is best known as _

A

Indicator

58
Q
  • May be utilized as a stain for axis cylinders in embryos
  • and for staining elastic tissues, amyloid and myelin (Krajian’s method)
A

Congo red

59
Q

A nuclear or chromatin stain used for
staining amyloid in frozen sections and
platelets

A

Crystal violet

60
Q

Gentian violet is a mixture of

A

crystal violet, methy/ violet and dextrin

61
Q

Used for staining blood to differentiate
leukocytes

A

Giemsa

62
Q

Used for metallic impregnation, made up
of gold chloride and mercuric chloride

A

Gold Sublimate

63
Q

The OLDEST of all stains

A

lodine (Gram’s, Lugol’s)

64
Q

the MOST POWERFUL stain

A

Janus Green B

65
Q
  • used as a contrast for staining ascaris eggs and erythrocytes
  • used as a bacterial spore stain
A

Malachite Green

66
Q

Stains chromatin green in the presence
of an acid

A

Methyl Green

67
Q

Plasma cells, fresh sputum for malignant
cells, evaluation, and differentiation of bacterial organisms

A

Methylene Blue

68
Q

used in frozen sections for rapid diagnosis

A

Loeffler’s Polychrome Methylene Blue

69
Q

coloring nuclei of leukocytes reddish-purple in presence of methylene blue

A

Methylene Violet

70
Q

for observing cell granules and vacuoles
of phagocytic cell

A

Neutral Red

71
Q

Substitute for carbol fuchsin in acid-fast
staining

A

Night Blue

72
Q
  • An excellent stain for Elastic fibers
  • Demonstrates the finest and most delicate fiber in skin (dermatological studies)
A

Orcein

73
Q

• used as fixative
• used to stain fats

A

Osmium Tetroxide

74
Q

Normally utilized for the manufacture of
paints

A

Prussian blue

75
Q

Used as microanatomical contrast for
demonstration for the circulatory system
by injection (intravital staining)

A

Prussian blue

76
Q

Used with osmic acid to fix and stain
blood and glandular tissues

A

Rhodamine B

77
Q

Used in identification for Spirochetes
reticulum, and other fiber stains

A

Silver Nitrate

78
Q

Recommended for staining of Nissl granules
or chromophilic bodies; nuclear stain for fixed tissues

A

Toluidine Blue

79
Q

Toluidine blue is used as a substitute for - in fresh tissue sections

A

thionin

80
Q

Demonstration of neuroglia in frozen
sections

A

Victoria blue

81
Q

Red Cytoplasmic Counterstains (pree)

A

Phloxine B
Rose Bengal
Eosin Y
Eosin B

82
Q

Yellow Cytoplasmic Counterstains (po)

A

Picric acid
Orange G

83
Q

Green Cytoplasmic Counterstains (LL)

A

Light green SF
Lissamine green

84
Q

Red Nuclear Counterstains (cns)

A

Carmine
Neutral red
Safranin

85
Q

Blue Nuclear Counterstains

A

Methylene blue
Toluidine blue
Celestine blue
Hematoxylin

86
Q

Lysochromes or Oil Soluble Dyes

A

Sudan Black B (SBB)
Sudan IV or Sharlach R
Sudan Ill

87
Q

Greatest affinity for phospholipid or neutral fats (triglycerides)

A

Sudan IV or Sharlach R

88
Q

Do not color phospholipids and fine lipid
droplets

A

Sudan IV or Sharlach R

89
Q

• First Sudan dye introduced into Histochemistry
• Fat soluble

A

Sudan III

90
Q

Sudan III is a good stain for the?

A

CNS

Genpath Lec (3 decks)

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