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HISTOPATHOLOGY > STAINING > Flashcards

STAINING Flashcards

1
Q

To see and study the architectural pattern of the tissue, the physical characteristics of the cells, and the structural relationship of the tissue and their cells.

A

Staining

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2
Q

Classification of staining that differentiates between nucleus and cytoplasm.

A

Histological staining

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3
Q

A microscopic localization of a specific tissue substance through chemical reactions.

A

Histochemical staining

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4
Q

A combination of immunologic and histochemical techniques that allow phenotypic markers to be detected and demonstrated under the microscope.

A

Immunohistochemical staining

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5
Q

Periodic acid schiff stains…

A

Carbohydrates

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6
Q

It gives color to sections by using simple alcoholic/aqueous dye solutions

A

Direct staining

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7
Q

Action of dye is intensified by adding another agent such as mordant and accentuator

A

Indirect staining

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8
Q

Most commonly used mordant

A

Aluminum

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9
Q

Mordant used in Weigert’s hematoxylin

A

Ferric Chloride

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10
Q

Mordant used in Alum hematoxylin

A

K alum

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11
Q

Mordant used in Tungsten hematoxylin

A

Sunlight/K

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12
Q

Mordant used in Heidenhain’s

A

Ferric ammonium sulfate

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13
Q

Acts as a link or bridge between the tissue and the dye.

A

Mordant

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14
Q

Does not participate in the staining reaction, but merely accelerates the speed of the staining reaction by increasing the staining power and selectivity of the stain.

A

Accentuator

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15
Q

Accentuator Potassium hydroxide is used in ….

A

Loeffler’s Methylene blue

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16
Q

Accentuator phenol is used in …

A

Carbolfuschin and carbol thionine

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17
Q

No washing , differentiation, decolorization

A

Progressive staining

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18
Q

First, the tissue is overstained , and then the excess stain is removed for specific periods of time or until the desired intensity of color is obtained

A

Regressive staining

19
Q

Selective removal of excess stain from tissue

A

Differentiation/decolorizer

20
Q

3 classes of differentiators:

A

“AMO”
Acid, Mordant, Oxidizing

21
Q

Example of oxidizing differentiator

A

Potassium permangante/Potassium ferricyanide

22
Q

Example of acid differentiator

A

HCl, HAc

23
Q

Cytoplasmic stains - RED

A

“REEP”
Eosin Y, Eosin B, Phloxine B

24
Q

Cytoplasmic stains - YELLOW

A

“YPOR”
Picric acid, Orange G, Rose bengal

25
Q

Cytoplasmic stains - GREEN

A

“GiLiLi”
Light green SF, Lissamine

26
Q

Nucleic stains - RED

A

“RedNaSaCarmineHema”
Neutral Red, Safranin, Carmine, Hematoxylin

27
Q

Nucleic stains - BLUE

A

“BayotManToCeleste”
Methylene Blue, Toluene Blue, Celestine blue

28
Q

2 types of ripening:

A
  1. Exposure to sunlight (3-4 months)
  2. Chemical oxidation
29
Q

Ripening agents for chemical oxidation

A

“HyPoMeSoSo”
Hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, Mercuric oxide, Sodium perborate, sodium iodate

30
Q

Color bearer

A

Chromopore

31
Q

Color generator

A

Chromogen

32
Q

Color increaser

A

Auxochrome

33
Q

It uses specific dyes that differentiate particular substances by staining them with a color that is different from that of the stain itself

A

Metachromatic staining

34
Q

All metachromatic dyes are acidic or basic?

A

basic

35
Q

ALL tissue components showing metachromasia are acidic or basic?

A

acidic

36
Q

Stains are not applied; rather, colorless solutions of metallic salts are used

A

Metallic impregnation

37
Q

Most valuable metal used

A

Gold and silver

38
Q

selective staining of living cell constituent

A

vital staining

39
Q

nucleus is not demonstrated; if so, it means that the cell is dead

A

vital staining

40
Q

Injecting the dye into any part of the body of the animal

A

intravital staining

41
Q

Staining the living cells immediately after removal from the living body

A

supravital staining

42
Q

Best vital dye

A

Neutral red

43
Q

supravital stain for mitochondria

A

Janus Green

44
Q

Used immediately becuase toxic to cell

A

Trypan blue

HISTOPATHOLOGY (6 decks)

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