stages of attachment Flashcards
1
Q
Schaffer and Emerson (1964)
A
- 60 working class infants Glasgow, intervals, for first 18 months of their lives (longitudinal)
- visited monthly, interactions with caregivers were observed
2
Q
what were the mothers asked to report?
A
- stranger anxiety
- separation anxiety
- social referencing
3
Q
stage 1 - indiscriminate attachments
A
0-6 weeks
produce similar responses to everything, but show a preference to social stimuli at the end.
reciprocity and IS play a big part
4
Q
stage 2 - the beginnings of attachment
A
6-7 months
enjoy human company (don’t show stranger anxiety yet) smile at familiar faces
5
Q
stage 3 - discriminate attachment
A
7-9 months
- infant seeks one particular person for comfort and security (stranger and separation anxiety)
- primary caregiver - who responds the most sensitively and provides best quality comfort
6
Q
stage 4 - multiple attachments
A
10 months +
- forms several other attachments
e. g. siblings, grandparents etc.
7
Q
what did Schaffer and Emerson mean by sensitive responsiveness?
A
attachments are more likely to form with those who responded accurately to the baby’s signals, not who spent the most time with the infant
8
Q
weakness : unreliable data
A
- mother bias (systematic bias) they are not likely to report negative experiences
9
Q
weakness : biased sample
A
- working class (not representative of a whole population)
- 1960’s - parental norms have changed
