Stage of Cognitive Development

Question 1

The concept of a fixed sequence or order of stages

Answer 1

Ordinality

Question 2

The start of development according to Piaget’s theory

Answer 2

Innate Reflex

Question 3

The stage where the infant gains knowledge and obtains physical experience with the environment. The infant uses his/her senses to experience.

Answer 3

Sensorimotor stage

Question 4

The capacity to think out an action before representing it.

Answer 4

Mental Invention

Question 5

The capability to copy behaviors begins with behaviors that are already part of the child’s repertoire.

Answer 5

Imitation

Question 6

The type of imitation that displays novelity like “I want to be like a fire fighter”

Answer 6

Deferred Imitation

Question 7

The stage that extends roughly from four to seven years of age.

Answer 7

Preoperational Stage

Question 8

Refers to actions based on logical thinking

Answer 8

Operation

Question 9

Refers to actions based on illogical thinking

Answer 9

Preoperational

Question 10

The process whereby children learn to create their own symbols and to use existing symbol systems to represent and operate on the environment.

The hallmark of the pre-operation stage.

Answer 10

Symbolic representation.

Question 11

The tendency to focus on only one aspect of a situation at one time.

Answer 11

Perceptual Centration

Question 12

Refers to a person’s inability to mentally reverse actions.

Answer 12

Irreversability

Question 13

Refers to children’s assumption that everyone’s experience of the world is the same as their own.

Answer 13

Egocentrism.

Question 14

Another form of egocentrism. The phenomenon of children talking in groups without having a conversation.

Answer 14

Collective Monologue

Question 15

The first stage of operational or logical thought in which schemata allow students to realize that there is stability in the physical world and that reasoning about the physical world can proceed logically.

Answer 15

Concrete-operational stage

Question 16

Two hallmarks of concrete operational thought.

Answer 16

Reversibility and decentration

Question 17

The ability to mentally reverse events, such as the steps in the amount-of-water problem. Students at this stage can imagine the results of pouring the water back and forth between containers of different shapes and sizes.

Answer 17

Reversibility

Question 18

Another property of logical thought wherein elements of a whole can be associated in various ways without changing the total.

Answer 18

Conservation

Question 19

Another property of logical thought added by Lavatelli. The child can mentally cancel our effects of any operation by combining it with its opposite.

Answer 19

Identity

Question 20

The final stage of Piaget’s Theory - begins roughly around eleven or twelve years of age.

Answer 20

Formal Operation

Question 21

The hallmark of the formal operations stage. The ability to think logically about intangibles.

Answer 21

Abstract reasoning

Question 22

Importance of Piaget’s theory

Answer 22

Tells us how students understand and interact with their environment.

Children at different stages of development think differently.

Question 23

Approximate Age of Sensorimotor Stage

Answer 23

0-2 years old

Question 24

Approximate Age of Pre-operations

Answer 24

2-7 years old

Question 25

Approximate Age of Concrete Operations Stage

Answer 25

7-11 years old

Question 26

Approximate Age of Formal Operations Stage

Answer 26

11 - adult

Question 27

Refers to an area in which a child has trouble solving a problem alone, but can succeed with help from someone more knowledgeable.

Answer 27

Zone of proximal development

Question 28

Vygotsky’s Social Interaction Theory

Answer 28

Interaction with children can influence the children’s cognitive development.

Question 29

A theoretical perspective that has been derived not from the work of one individual but from a school of thought.

Answer 29

Information processing

Question 30

Four ways in which attentions changes

Answer 30

1. Control attention
2. Match task demands
3. Plan
4. Monitor