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Stage 2 Check Flashcards

1
Q

Memorize DFW Legend

A
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2
Q

Airport Diagram for KADS

A

A-U
16-34
7203x100

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3
Q

Airport Directory

A

rwy 16 x 34
airspace class d

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4
Q

What is a hotspot?

A

area where runway incursions likely to occur

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5
Q

Why do KADS hotspots exist?

A

High training activity
taxi way spaces not big enough
ray too short- big planes can move effectively

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6
Q

Tower hours of operation

A

1200-0400 Z

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7
Q

What airspace does KADS become after hours?

A

Becomes golf/echo after hours

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8
Q

Requirements for entry-
Alpha

A

must be IFR rated
18000’+ MSL

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9
Q

Requirements for entry-
Bravo

A

B Clearance
ADSB
Transponder
tops usually up to 10000’ MSL
30 nm mode C veil

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10
Q

Requirements for entry-
Charlie

A

2 way comms
ADSB
Transponder
tops 4000’ AGL
5nm inner ring
10nm outer ring

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11
Q

Requirements for entry-
Delta

A

2 way comms
tops 2500 AGL
5sm ring (4.4nm)

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12
Q

Requirements for entry-
Echo

A

start 1200’ AGL - 18000’ MSL
within vignette 700’ AGL to 18000’ MSL

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13
Q

Requirements for entry-
Golf

A

below 1200’ AGL
within vignette below 700’ AGL

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14
Q

Terminal Radar Service Area (TRSA)

A

●Acts like a hybrid between Charlie and Delta
● Voluntary radar services provided, not required
● Has an approach control
● Actual airport is a Delta

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15
Q

Where can you find cloud clearances in FAR/AIM?

A

(91.155)

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16
Q

Cloud clearances-
Bravo

A

3sm
clear of clouds

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17
Q

Cloud clearances-
Charlie/Delta

A

(3-152)
3sm
1000’ above
500’ below
2000’ horizontal

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18
Q

Cloud clearances-
Echo
below 10000’ MSL

A

(3-152)
3sm
1000’ above
500’ below
2000’ horizontal

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19
Q

Cloud clearances-
Echo
above 10000’ MSL

A

(5-111)
5sm
1000’ above
1000’ below
1 mile horizontal

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20
Q

Cloud clearances-
Golf
Below 1200’ AGL day

A

1sm
clear of clouds

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21
Q

Cloud clearances-
Golf
Below 1200’ AGL night

A

(3-152)
3sm
1000’ above
500’ below
2000’ horizontal

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22
Q

Cloud clearances-
Golf
Above 1200’ AGL Day

A

(1-152)
1sm
1000’ above
500’ below
2000’ horizontal

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23
Q

Cloud clearances-
Golf
Above 1200’ AGL Night

A

(3-152)
3sm
1000’ above
500’ below
2000’ horizontal

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24
Q

Non-standard Airspace

A

Military Operations Area
Controlled Firing Area
Prohibited
Restricted
Alert
Warning Area
National Security Area
Special Flight Rules Area

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25
Q

Special Use Airspace

A

Airspace where activities are confined to their nature, or where limits are imposed on aircraft that are not part of those activities

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26
Q

Military Operations Area

A

Separates IFR traffic from military activity
Freedom to fly through

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27
Q

Controlled Firing Area

A

Similar to MoA and not depicted on sectional
Uses spotters to advise cease fires
Freedom to fly through

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28
Q

Prohibited

A

Not allowed to fly though

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29
Q

Restricted

A

Includes Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR)
■ Airspace is temporarily closed to general public, see notams
■ Reasons include to protect general public or security areas
such as football games, president in town, etc.
■ Need permission to enter

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30
Q

Alert

A

Area where increased situational awareness is needed
■ Example: high amount of flight training occurs
Free to fly through

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31
Q

Warning Area

A

Can be hazardous to non-participating aircraft
Usually over international waters
Freedom to fly through

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32
Q

National Security Area

A

Asked to voluntarily avoid this area for security reasons

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33
Q

Special Flight Rules Area (SFRA)

A

Requires special training in order to operate
○ Examples: Washington, DC and Grand Canyon

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34
Q

VFR Altitudes

A

Must comply above 3000’ AGL

East is odd 1000s + 500’, west even 1000s +500’

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35
Q

If we lose our GPS we still have a means of navigating

A

Pilotage
Dead reckoning

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36
Q

Pilotage

A

knowing where you are by reading a map

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37
Q

Dead reckoning

A

knowing where you are by using time, groundspeed, and distance

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38
Q

Meteorological Aerodrome Report (METAR)

A

Current/observed weather updated every 50 minutes past the hour

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39
Q

Dewpoint

A

Temperature at which air becomes fully saturated
When temperature/dewpoint within 2 celsius, expect fog

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40
Q

Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF)

A

Forecast valid 24 hours, updated every 6
Only acceptable to use within 5 sm of airport

If no TAF, use Graphical Forecast Area

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41
Q

Graphical Forecast Area (GFA)

A

Available on aviationweather.gov
Use when airport does not have a TAF
Can see cloud coverage, ceiling, winds, storms, etc

42
Q

Flight Categories-
LIFR

A

Low Instrument Flight Rules
Magenta
Celling below 500 ft agl &/or < 1 mile

43
Q

Flight Categories-
IFR

A

Instrument Flight Rules
Red
Celling 500 to below to 1,000 feet AGL &/or 1 mile to less than 3 miles

44
Q

Flight Categories-
MVFR

A

Marginal Visual Flight Rules
Blue
Celling 1,000 to 3,000 feet AGL &/or 3 to 5 miles

45
Q

Flight Categories-
VFR

A

Visual Flight Rules
Green
Ceiling greater than 3,000 feet AGL and greater than 5 miles

46
Q

Airport beacon

A

Indicates IFR weather during daytime or nighttime

47
Q

Winds aloft

A

Forecasts wind speed and direction at various altitudes

48
Q

Winds aloft
Absence of winds

A

Airport elevation within 1500’ of listed altitude

49
Q

Winds aloft
Absence of temp

A

Airport elevation within 2500’ of listed altitude

50
Q

Winds aloft
Temps assumed negative above ___

A

2500’ of listed altitude

51
Q

Surface Analysis Chart legend
High Pressure System

A

● Clockwise, outwards, and downwards
● Poor visibility
● Brings higher pressure/density

52
Q

Surface Analysis Chart legend
Low Pressure System

A

● Counterclockwise, inwards, and upwards (think tornados)
● Good visibility
● Includes precipitation because of higher humidity
● Lower pressure/density

53
Q

Frontal Activity
Warm

A

● Slow moving, so change in weather is gradual
● Stratiform clouds
● Poor visibility because air is stable and calm
● Steady precipitation

54
Q

Frontal Activity
Cold

A

● Cumulus clouds
● Possible thunderstorms
● Showery precipitation

55
Q

Frontal Activity
Stationary

A

● When cold and warm fronts meet and stop movement
● Lingers for a long time
mixed color

56
Q

Frontal Activity
Occluded

A

● When one front catches up to another front moving in the same direction
● Usually cold front catches up to warm
Thunderstorms
Purple

57
Q

Frontal Activity
Isobars

A

■ When close together expect higher winds
■ Pressure measured in millibars

57
Q

Airmet

A

Airmen’s meteorological information
○ Valid 6 hours
○ Contains moderate weather conditions

58
Q

Airmet Tango

A

Turbulence
>30kt winds
Low level wind shear

59
Q

Airmet Sierra

A

Can’t see Shit
IFR conditions
mountain obscurations

60
Q

Airmet Zulu

A

Zero degrees= things freeze
Freezing
Cannot fly in known icing (91.527)

60
Q

3 Types of Ice

A

Clear - water rolls and freezes
Rime - freezes at the point
Mixed

61
Q

Sigmet

A

Significant meteorological information
○ Valid 4 hours
○ Stronger weather phenomena that will affect safety of all aircraft
○ Severe or greater turbulence
○ Dust or sandstorms, Volcanic ash
○ Severe or greater icing

61
Q

Convective Sigmet

A

Sigmet related to convective activity
○ Valid 2 hours
○ Thunderstorms
○ Winds >50 kt winds
○ Hail 3⁄4” diameter or greater
○ Tornadoes

Embedded t storms
Aline of storms
Tornadoes
Surface winds > 50 kts
Hail
T storms w rain

62
Q

Thunderstorms

A

3 ingredients
■ Moisture
■ Uplifting action
■ Unstable air

63
Q

Normal temp decreases

A

2 celsius per 1000’

63
Q

unstable temp decreases

A

3 celsius per 1000’

64
Q

Cumulus

A

● Large updrafts
● Clouds are building in form and height

65
Q

Mature

A

● Both up/downdrafts
● Extreme precipitation
● Lightning

most dangerous

66
Q

Dissipating

A

● Mostly downdrafts
● Microburst is localized and can reach downdrafts of up to 6000’ a minute
● Storm weakens in intensity

67
Q

Preflight Weather Resources

A

■ Aviationweather.gov
■ 1800wxbrief.com
■ Third party sources
● Foreflight
● Weather Channel
■ Look outside

68
Q

Inflight Weather Resources

A

■ ATIS/AWOS/ASOS
■ Onboard Equipment
● ADSB-In
● XM Radio
■ FSS
■ ATC workload permitting
■ Phone with cell service in emergency situations

69
Q

Pilot Reports (PIREPs)

A

■ Reported by pilots
■ Can report anything

ex. ● Wind Shear
○ Must include location, altitude which experienced, airspeed
gained/lost

70
Q

Characteristics of Fwd CG

A

Lower range
More fuel burned
Less endurance
More stable
Worse landing flare

71
Q

Characteristics of Aft CG

A

Higher range
Less fuel burned
More endurance
Less stable
Better landing flare

72
Q

International Standard Atmosphere (ISA)

A

sea level
■ Standard Pressure 29.92” inHg
■ Standard Temperature 15 celsius

1013.25 in millibar’s

73
Q

Pressure Altitude

A

altitude at which barometer shows if set to standard pressure

74
Q

Density altitude

A

pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature

75
Q

Effects of density altitude on aircraft performance

A

high altitude, high temperature, or both, reduced air density adversely affects aerodynamic performance and decreases the engine’s horsepower output.
Takeoff distance, power available and climb rate are all adversely affected.

Prop
Wings
Engine

76
Q

Indicated Airspeed (IAS)

A

indicated by airspeed indicator on PFD

77
Q

Calibrated Airspeed (CAS)

A

corrects IAS for instrument position error

78
Q

True Airspeed (TAS)

A

corrects CAS for nonstandard temperature

79
Q

Stalls

A

when the critical angle of attack is exceeded, at any airspeed or attitude

80
Q

Spin recovery

A

rudder opposite of rotation
elevator forward
power idle
ailerons neutral

81
Q

Fuel Requirements

A

Day - origin to destination + 30 minutes at normal cruise
○ Night - origin to destination + 45 minutes at normal cruise
School- ○ Day/night - origin to destination + 1 hour at normal cruise

82
Q

Global Positioning System (GPS)

A

Uses satellites to triangulate position and altitude in space

83
Q

Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Range (VOR)

A

Short range radio navigation equipment used to determine relative position and bearing to/from

84
Q

Distance Measuring Equipment

A

○ Uses slant range (line of sight) to determine distance
○ Most inaccurate when directly over the top of an object
○ Inaccuracy negligible for every 1 mile away and 1000’ high

85
Q

Preflight planning required when flying outside vicinity of home airport

A

Notams
Weather
Known traffic delays (IFR)
Runway lengths of intended use
Alternate routes (IFR)
Fuel requirements
Takeoff and landing performance data

86
Q

Personal Minimums

A

Illness
Medication
Stress
Alcohol
Fatigue
Emotions/Eating

87
Q

Short Field Takeoff

A
  1. Flaps 25°
  2. Takeoff Checklist
  3. Perform Radio Communications
  4. Line-Up on Runway using max available runway
  5. Hold Brakes, Apply Full Power (Right rudder as needed); release brakes
  6. Elevator slightly tail low, lift off at 55 KIAS allow airplane to fly off runway
  7. Pitch for 60 KIAS until over 50’ obstacle
  8. Pitch for Vx 64 KIAS when clear of obstacles, flaps to 10°
  9. Above 200ft, flaps 0°
  10. Pitch for Vy 76 KIAS
  11. Perform Climb/Cruise checklist when appropriate
88
Q

Short Field Landing

A
  1. Complete an descent Checklist prior to pattern entry
  2. Before Landing Checklist
  3. Downwind 1900-2100RPM; 90 KIAS
  4. Abeam TD Point (or 3nm final): 1500RPM; 10° Flaps; 85 KIAS
  5. Base (or 2nm final): 25° Flaps; 80 KIAS
  6. Final (or 1nm final): 40° Flaps; 66 KIAS
  7. Short Final 66 KIAS (to prevent floating *note add 1⁄2 gust factor)
  8. Close Throttle ~200ft prior to desired TD Point to minimize float, land on TD Point
  9. Slowly bring nose to the runway, apply maximum braking.
89
Q

Soft Field Takeoff

A
  1. Flaps 25°
  2. Takeoff Checklist
  3. Perform Radio Communications
  4. Line-Up on Runway with FULL Aft Elevator
  5. Apply Full Power (Right rudder and relief of some back pressure may be needed to
    prevent tail strike)
  6. Lift off at lowest possible airspeed
  7. Promptly reduce pitch to maintain within 1 wingspan of the ground (Ground Effect)
  8. Accelerate to Vx 64 KIAS
  9. Climb at Vx 64 KIAS till 50ft, then flaps 10° and Lower nose to climb at Vy 76 KIAS
  10. Above 200ft, Raise flaps 0°
  11. Perform Climb/Cruise checklist when appropriate
90
Q

Soft Field Landing

A
  1. Complete an Approach Checklist prior to pattern entry
  2. Before Landing Checklist
  3. Downwind 1900-2100RPM; 90 KIAS
  4. Abeam Touch down Point (or 3nm final): 1500RPM; 10° Flaps; 85 KIAS
  5. Base (or 2nm final): 25° Flaps; 80 KIAS
  6. Final (or 1nm final): 40° Flaps; 70 KIAS
  7. Transition the airplane attitude to ensure a soft touchdown, throttle at or near idle
  8. Slowly increase back pressure to full elevator authority (DO NOT tail strike)
  9. Maintain back pressure until off “soft” surface
91
Q

Unusual Attitudes

A
  1. Use the attitude indicator to quickly determine whether the airplane is in a nose high or nose low attitude (cross check with altimeter, airspeed, and vertical speed indicators)
  2. Recognizing a nose high attitude: nose up pitch on attitude indicator, increasing altitude on altimeter, vertical speed indicator shows climb, decreasing airspeed (possibly approaching a stall)
  3. Nose High Recovery: add full power, simultaneously lower the nose to the horizon, level the wings, trim
  4. Recognizing a nose low attitude: nose down pitch on attitude indicator, decreasing altitude on altimeter, vertical speed indicator shows descent, increasing airspeed
  5. Nose Low Recovery: bring power to idle, level the wings to avoid overstressing the airframe, smoothly bring the nose to the horizon, trim
  6. Perform Cruise Checklist when appropriate
92
Q

Types of fog

A

Advection
Radiation
Upslope
Precipitation-Induced

93
Q

Discuss the types of fog

Advection

A

moist warm air moves over colder land or water

94
Q

Discuss the types of fog
Radiation

A

forms on clear nights with little or no wind and only over land

95
Q

Discuss the types of fog
Upslope

A

moist unstable air is cooled as wind pushes it up a slope

96
Q

Discuss the types of fog
Precipitation Induced:

A

warm rain falls through cool air
evaporation from the rain saturates the cool air and fog forms

97
Q

Most destructive wx to not

A

Cold front
Occluded
Warm front
Stationary

Private (5 decks)

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