stage 17 info Flashcards
Whats the nominative singular of the first second and third declension?
1st is a
2nd is us
3rd is nothing
Whats the gentetive singular of the first second and third declension?
1st is ae
2nd is i
3rd is is
what did Alexandria have?
3 harbours. the great harbour and the western labour lay on either side of a breakwater 1,200 metres long which joined pharos island to the mainland. the third labour was on the large lake which lay behind the city and was connected by cannals to the river nile. from here goods were brought by a further canal or overland to the red sea the route leading to india
what was alexandria chosen by?
a greek king, alexandria the great
when did alexandria come to eygpt?
331bc
what did alexander see in the area?
excellant agricultural land and the fine harbour of a small fishing village west of the mouth of the nile, good anchorage, health climate and fresh water, lime stone quarries nearby to provide stone for building
what did alexander do once he saw the area?
he commanded his architect to plan and built a new city which was to be the new centre of trade and civilisation
when did alexander die?
while the city was still developing but the city was named after him and his body was later buried there in a magnificent tomb
who was alexander succeeded by?
ptolemy one of his generals whose descendants governed alexandria and eygpt for the next 300 years
what happened by first century AD?
eygpt became a part of the roman empire and alexandria was as large and as splendid as rome itself, was the greatest city in the eastern part of the empire with a million inhabitants
why was alexandria so successful?
dut to its position at meeting points of all trade routes and good for trading large scale, merchants and businessmen were drawn as it offered them safe harbour for their ships, large number of dock-workers to handel their cargoes, huge warehouses for storage and a bust market for selling and buying goods
what came into alexandria?
luxury goods such as bronze statues from greece or fine italian wines and raw materials such as wood and marble to be used by craftsmen in the local workshops.
what went out of alexandria?
big quantities of wheat, papyrus, glassware and much else
what goods were bought and sold in the city?
clothes, cotton, skins, muslins, silks, brass, copper, iron, gold, silver, glass, tortoise shell, rhinoceros horn, wine, olive oil, rice, butter, honey , myrrh, frankincense, cinnamon
what travellers came to Alexandria and how?
travellers from Greece and Italy would approach alexandria by sea
what could travellers see when coming into alexandria?
the first thing they would see rising above the horizon would be the alexandria lighthouse that stood on a little island called pharos just outside the harbour
what was the lighthouse in alexandria?
the lighthouse was called pharos and was one of the 7 wanders of the ancient world acting as a marker day and night for thousands of ship in the port
how did the architect plan alexandria?
carefully, with streets set up like grid system, crossing each other at right angles, main street canopus was more than 30 metres wide larger the streets in rome. houses were several stories high and many public buildings were marble
what was the royal quarter?
by the great harbour was the royal quarter, an area of more than 260 hectares containing palaces, temples and gardens
what was west of the royal quarter?
the caesareum , was a shrine begun by queen cleopatra in honour of the roman general marcus antonius and completed by the emperor augustus as a temple dedicated to himself
what was the caesareum like ?
wonderfully high and large, full of precious paintings and statues and beautiful all over with gold and silver contains colonnade, libraries, courtyards and scared groves , all made as skilfully as possible with no expense spared
what was infant of the caesareum?
2 obelisks, tall narrow pillars of granite pointed at the top. they were brought from an ancient eygpt temple and put in by a roman engineer in 13BC
what happened to the obelisks in the 19th century?
one was removed to london and placed on the embankment of the river thames and the other was taken to central park new york, now known as cleopatras needles
what was alexandria also known as ?
a good centre for education and study. the university known as the museum and situated in the royal corner has the largest library in the alien world with more than half a million volumes on it’s shelves. professional scholars were employed to do research in wide range of subjects, mathematics, astronomy, geography, literature and languages
what famous discoveries were made in alexandria?
the first maps of the world were drawn, based on travellers reports, here euclid wrote his famous geometry textbook and aristarchus put forward his theory that the earth goes round the sun
what did alexandria have in it?
many different races including eygptians, jews, romans, africans and indians but on the whole the people with the most power were the greeks
what did the greek contribute to alexandria?
they planned and built the city they ruled it before the romans came and continued to run it under the romans theirs was the official language they owned wealth in alexandria, and enjoyed privileges
what happened as the result of treatment towards greeks?
jealousy amount other races due to treatment of greeks, one of the reasons why quarrels and riots frequency broke out. the roman governor had to step in and try and settle out disputes
