STAATS- US Imaging in the PT Practice Flashcards
Ultrasound Imagining aka
Ultrasonography, Medical Ultrasound, Diagnostic Ultrasound imagining, Real Time Ultrasound Imagining (RUSI), Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging (RUSI)
Use of sound waves to generate an image done thru echo interpretation
US imaging
US Imagining
what is it?
Use of sound waves to gen. image done thru echo interpretation
US imagining predominantly used to what?
- R/O blood clots (doppler)
- ID organs
- Sonograms to monitor fetal dev.
Sonar/Echolocation
Dolphins, bats, submarines
- To detect objs in distance
- Returning echoes give fb on size, structure and distance
How US works
Time elapsed bw sound waves sent and echo returned AND the freq of waves returning to the sound head is interpreted and a grey scale img produced
US Image ex.
NOTE: patella, patellar tendon, tibia
US Terminology:
ALL First
-
HypERechoic/echogenic=> LOTS of echoes, BRIGHT
- Ex’s: MOST bright: bone, calcific deposits, fascia, tendon, lig: LEAST bright
-
HypOechoic= LOW echogenicity, fewer echoes, DARK
- Ex’s: Muscle, fat, cartilage, organs, nerve (honey comb, starry night, little bright specks)
-
Anechoic (think TEARS)= means devoid of echoes, BLACK
- Ex. Fluid/gas
- Isoechoic= used when two structures look similar due to similar echoes
Objects INFERIOR to BRIGHT hypERechoic objs will appear
DARK or ANechoic
makes assess. of these structures diff. ***
US Terminology
HypERechoic/echogenic==>
BRIGHT
- LOTS of echoes
- Exs from MOST bright to LEAST bright:
- bone, calcific deposits, fascia, tendon, ligament
US Terminology
HypOechoic==
DARK
- LOW echogenicity, fewer echoes
- EX’s:
- Muscle, fat, cartilage, organs, Nerve (honeycomb/starry night/little white specks)
US Terminology
Anechoic==
THINK “TEARS”
BLACK
- Devoid of echoes
- Ex: Fluid/Gas
US physics
ALL FIRST
- HIGHER Freq==> CLEARER, but only Superficial***
- LOWER Freq==> LESS clear, penetrates Deeper***
US Physics
HIGHER FREQ==>
CLEARER PIC but penetrate superficially
US Physics
LOWER FREQ==>
LESS clear pic, but penetrates Deeper*
Types of Probes for MSK purposes
- Linear
- Curvilinear
*NOTE: SMALLER footprint== higher freq==more superf penetration==clearer pic
Probes
SMALLER footprint== higher freq==more superf penetration==clearer pic
Linear
Probes
Curvilinear
LOWER freq, wider, curved footprint
Penetrate deeper==LESS clear img
*piriformis, TrA, Multifidi
MSK RUSI in PT Practice
USES:
See List
Be familiar!!!
RUSI for Shoulder Exam
- Structures ID’d:
- LHB→ SAX (Short axis horizontal) and LAX (Long axis vertical) (in relation to body)
- Suprasp, Subscap, SubAC bursa, Infrasp, Articular cart. below SSP
- AHI→ Acromio-Humeral Interval
- Labrum→ diff to img