SS mod. 5 Flashcards
where did America’s gov. get ideas for the articles of confederation (9)
magna carda - limited kings power
English bill of rights - supremacy of parliament
philosophers - such as John Locke social contract
mayflower compact
town meetings - let the people voice opinions
state legislators - make laws
constitutions - states powers and duties of gov
religious freedom - no force to church or paying taxes to it
suffrage - who could vote
what were the articles of confederation
-our first form of gov
-congress was the only branch of gov
-every state gets one individual vote
-treaties with other countries
-congress could ask states for $$ and the states had the right to say no
how did the gov raise money in the 1780’s
-northwest territory
-thomas Jefferson wanted separate states
-land ordinance of 1785
-northwest ordinance of 1787
northwest territory
designated area of land that includes Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin, and parts of Minnesota
separate states
where slavery could not exist after 1800 (Congress approved)
land ordinance of 1785
a law that established the northwest territory and formed a political system for the region; land could be sold at public auction
northwest ordinance of 1787
when territory reaches population of 5,000 free adult males can elect legislate - when population reaches 60,000 a state constitution can be drafted and can send application to be a state
international problems America faced in the 1780’s
-no national army
-britain did not respect the treaty of Paris/ brit occupied forts on U.S. soil near great lakes
-british closed trading ports for the u.s.
-british increased tariffs
-spain didn’t let u.s. use Mississippi river/people couldn’t sell goods
-congress didn’t have power over the states and could not pass tarrifs
what caused inflation
states started printing to much paper money and there was no common currency
shay’s rebellion
when Massachusetts farmers had to pay taxes and give land as their debts
how did shay’s rebellion help create constitution
Americans began to admit that the articles of confederation failed and people wanted to give the federal government more power
original purpose of the constitutional convention
improve AOC
GW is elected president of CC
what were major issues delegates argued over
economics (tariffs)
representation-to make laws
slavery
national gov
Virginia plan
gave lots of power to the federal gov, wanted amount of representatives to be based off population, and wanted 2 different houses based on representation by bicameral
New Jersey plan
New Jersey gave little power to federal gov, wanted unicameral: 1 house (leg) and one state gets one equal vote
great compromize
went with VA plan for 2 houses and in Senate each state gets equal representation; house of reps # determined by state population
3/5 compromise
counted 3/5 of states slaves for Congress to vote
importation of slaves stopped when
1807
popular sovereignty
when political authority was up to the people
checks and balances
kept one part of gov from becoming to powerful
federalism
split between state and federal gov
amendments
changes made to he constitution after it was signed (27)
anti-federalists
people apposed to the constitution (ok w/ changing AOC) thought constitution weakened state rights. also beloved individual rights would go away
three federalists
Patrick henry, John Mason, and Samuel adams
popular federalists
George Washington, James Madison, Benjamin Franklin, and Alexander Hamilton
who wrote the federalist papers
Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison
first state to ratify constitution
Delaware 12/7/1787
ninth state to ratify constitution
New Hampshire June 1788
Who signed after Virginia
New york
What state was last to sign and when
Rhode Island May 1790
promises made by the federalists in order to gain support of anti federalists
promised to add bill of rights - amendments to constitution go protect personal freedoms
- 10 amendments
