SS India and british Flashcards
What were the goals of the British East India Company?
The British East India Company was a private trading company that wanted to create a trading monopoly, or complete ownership and control of the supply of goods and services of a certain market, over spices.
Monopoly
having complete control over a market
maritime relates to…
the ocean and sea trades
How did the British East India Company imperialize India?
The British East India Company communicated with Jahangir, the ruler of the Mughal Empire at the time.
The British East India Company was given exclusive trading rights in India.
The British set up trading forts on the coast of India.
imperialism
to take control of another country through diplomacy or force in order to gain its land and resources.
sepoy
Indian soldiers serving with the British East India Company
a. What were the long-term causes of the Sepoy Rebellion?
British showed a lack of religious and cultural respect to Hindus → religious and racial discrimination
Hindus were unable to be promoted in the army
British placed high taxes on Hindus
b. What was the short-term cause of the Sepoy Rebellion?
There was a rumor the gun cartridges were greased with cow and pig fat; sepoys would have to bite the cartridge to use the gun and the animal fat was offensive to Muslims and Hindus. This finally pushed them over the edge and led to the mutiny, or rebellion.
What was the effect of the Sepoy Rebellion?
It was a turning point that led to the downfall of the British East India Company in India.
- Explain the political effects of British rule on India.
The Indians must accept and follow British rule under the leadership of Queen Victoria.
British ruled India directly using British officials to rule.
There was no more Mughal Empire.
- Explain the economic effects of British rule on India.
India’s land tax is increased which negatively impacts the farmers.
Indians are unable to buy salt due to the very high tax which negatively impacts the health of the people.
India was forced to produce cash crops rather than grow food to eat. In addition, most of India’s food (such as wheat) is exported so Britain can make a profit→ millions of Indians died in the Great Famine of 1876-1878.
- Explain the technological effects of British rule on India.
Railroads are built to improve transportation and trade
Indians were forced to work for low wages on railroad construction.
- Explain the educational effects of British rule on India.
The British only gave jobs to Indians who knew how to speak English.
- Describe how Gandhi fought for India’s independence.
Gandhi organized several non-violent campaigns of civil disobedience:
organized large groups of Indians to refuse to work
sit in the streets
boycott the courts
protests like the Salt March
boycott
- to stop buying and using the goods and services of a certain company or country as a protest.
civil disobedience
the refusal to obey laws that a person considered unjust or wrong.
cause of the salt march
The British government taxed Indians for salt and declared that making, collecting, or selling salt was illegal. As a result, Indians were forced to buy salt from the British.
what was the salt march
As a result, Gandhi walked about 200 miles to the coast and picked up a piece of salt to peacefully protest the British law. On his way to the sea, thousands of Indians joined him.
salt march effect
The Salt March led to the India’s independence movement!
- What was the Partition plan?
This term refers to the division, or separation, of India into two parts, India and Pakistan.
- What was the cause of the Partition plan?
There were two groups who had different ideas about what to do after India gained independence:
Some Muslims wanted a SEPARATE state for Muslims
Some Hindus (including Gandhi) wanted to keep ONE country for BOTH Muslims and Hindus
how did the muslims react to the partition plan
Muslims were happy because they wanted a separate state for Muslims. This separate state because Pakistan
how did the hindus react to the partition plan
Hindus stayed in India. They were not happy because they wanted Hindus and Muslims to stay in India
how did the sikhs rect to the partition plan
sikhs stayed in India with Hindus
