SS Final Flashcards by Penny Herbeck

the 3 countries of the Triple Entente

Great Britain,france, and Russia

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Name the 3 countries of the Central Powers

Germany, Austria, and the ottoman empire

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What were the details of the Schlieffen Plan in WWI was the German military strategy to

Quickly defeat France and then focus on Russia in the east

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Although the Allies won the War, what country did not enjoy the benefits because it surrendered to Germany almost a year before Germany was defeated?

Russia

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The spark that started the War occurred when the future leader of what region was assassinated?

spain Archduke Franz Ferdinand

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On which front did the Germans battle the French?

The western front

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Know the estimated human costs on the WWI battlefields according to your book

8.5 million dead soldiers, 21 million wounded

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What treaty between the Allied powers and Germany was signed exactly 5 years after the assassination of Francis Ferdinand?

The treaty of versailles

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What was the final straw that brought the U.S. into WWI against Germany? What was the name of the message from Germany to Mexico?

The Zimmerman telegram

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The Boom refers to the decade of the

1920’s

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The bust refers to the decade of the

1930’s

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The War that followed the Bust is

ww2

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80 percent of Americans in 1929 had no ______ at all.

Savings

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A major cause of the Great Depression was the ___ (name the institution) artificially manipulating interest rates.

the federal reserve system (the fed)

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The AAA (a New Deal Agency) had ________(give the #) pigs slaughtered and burned at a time when many Americans were hungry and out of work.

6 million

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What comes the closest to the highest rate of unemployment during the Great Depression

25% (1 out of 4)

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Know the following states that were directly affected by the “Dust Bowl” that hit the Great Plains.

Texas
Oklahoma
Colorado
Kansas
Nebraska

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What were “Hoovervilles”?

it was a neighborhood for the poor, and the name was to make fun of the president for causing this to happen

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What was the Bonus Army?

after the war, veterans came to Hoover, and wanted a bonus payment. (the president never did)

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During the mid-to-late 1920s (even before the Great Depression Started), how were farmers affected by the low prices of wheat?

The low prices hurt the farmers because they would gain less money

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What is “Buying on margin”?

this is when people borrow money from the bank to invest in stocks

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What is Social Security”?

It is an old age pension plan that was a part of the New Deal and FDR was president when it was introduced. This act is still a thing to this day.

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Name the 2 the presidents during the Great Depression

Herbert Hoover and FDR

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What is a Flapper?

A subculture of young Western women in the 1920s who wore short skirts (knee height was considered short during that period), bobbed their hair, listened to jazz, and flaunted their disdain for what was then considered acceptable behavior.

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“The chief business of the American people is __________.” and who wrote it?

business, Calvin coolidge

For the following 5 questions, write in the letter that matches the section: Lucky Lindy Great Depression Parts 1 and 2 Red Scare All That Jazz Monkey Trial 1.This section featured information about the New Deal 2.This section focused on Communism and its spread to the USA 3.This section was about the first Transatlantic flight 4.This section described and incident where science came into conflict with religious belief 5.This section featured information about Louis Armstrong

Lucky Lindy: 3 Great Depression Parts 1 and 2 : 1 Red Scare: 2 All That Jazz: 5 Monkey Trial: 4

Know that these countries that were ruled by fascist dictators by the end of the 1930s.

Spain Italy Germany

The earliest incident leading up to WWII in Asia was Japan invading ________ in 1931. It is a region of China.

Manchuria

These two world leaders signed a nonaggression pact one week before the invasion of Poland that started WWII. (Also, they secretly divided Poland among themselves)

Stalin and Hitler

Know the 3 following factors that kept countries from challenging the expanding Axis empires

A global depression Memories of WWI The belief in isolationism

What happened at the Munich Conference of 1938? Did Hitler keep his promise?

The Allies let Germany have Czechoslovakia in exchange for peace. Obviously Hitler did not keep his promise.

Know the 3 major Axis Powers in WWII

Germany, Italy, and Japan

Know why the Maginot Line failed and what it was.

It was a fortification along the border of france and Germany, it failed because the Germans used blitzkrieg. It was bypassed by fast-moving German tanks through the Ardennes

D-Day refers to who invades whom?

Allies invade France

What was the German war strategy used in WWII to overwhelm the enemy?

Blitzkrieg

What battle is considered the major turning point in the war against Japan in the Pacific?

The battle of Midway

Around how many Jews were put to death as a result of Hitler’s Final Solution?

6 million

What Battle was Hitler’s last major offensive in Europe? Was it successful?

The battle of the bulge, and it did not work

Know the following 3 blunders of Adolf Hitler during WWII

- Declaring war on the USA - Invasion of Russia - Putting so many resources into the extermination of the Jews

Which country saw the largest number of Jews killed in the Holocaust?

Poland

At which location did Operation Overlord meet the most resistance by the Germans? What was the codename of the beach? (hint: over 2,000 Americans were killed here)

Omaha beach

Know the following Japanese cities that were sites of atomic explosions.

Hiroshima Nagasaki

What country saw the most casualties during WWII? (both civilian and in terms of soldiers)

The Soviet Union

What organization was created after WWII (1945) to prevent another war from starting? It included both the USA and the USSR.

The United Nations

What battle cost the USSR over one million soldiers and it put the Germans on the defensive on the Russian front?

The battle stalingrad

The Western European powers used an unsuccessful policy of appeasement against Hitler before the start of WWII. Put the following 5 occasions of appeasement in proper order (first through last).

Hitler is allowed to take the Rhineland. March, 1936 Hitler is allowed to take all of Czechoslovakia March, 1939 The Anschluss is allowed to occur (the uniting of Austria with Germany). March, 1938 Hitler is allowed to take the Sudetenland. September, 1939 Hitler announces that he will no longer follow the Treaty of Versailles. March, 1935

Karl Marx-most famous for what?

Founder and wrote the book on communism

Vladimir Lenin

First leader of the USSR

Joseph Stalin

most infamous leader of the USSR

Totalitarianism vs. Communism (Which is political? Which is economic? What is the connection between the two?

Totalitarianism is a Political Philosophy (taking total control over a country). Communism is an economic philosophy.

What was the Iron Curtain?

Was a political boundary that demonstrated the division of communist europe from free europe (metaphor created by Winston Churchill)

Truman Doctrine/Containment-what was the policy of containment?

Also known as containment, it succeeded in Korea and it failed in Vietnam

Know what The Marshall Plan was

When billions of dollars in aid given to 16 nations after WWII

Mao Zedong and Chiang Kai-shek (Who won the Civil War? Communists? Or Nationalists?)

Mao was the leader of the communist party of china and Chiang was the leader of the nationalists and lost to the communist party

Joe McCarthy and McCarthyism?

What was it? McCarthy was a senator who recklessly accused people of being spies and it is the political practice of publicizing accusations of disloyalty or subversion with insufficient regard to evidence

Edward R. Murrow-How did he help stop McCarthy?

It was a famous reporter who humiliated Macarthur and his beliefs

Ike (know when he served as president)

the 34th president of the United States from 1953 to 1961.

“military-industrial complex”-who said it? And what does it mean?

The connection between the individuals in the government and the military, Eisenhower warned against it

Know Nikita Khrushchev (when he led the USSR)

USSR leader who supplied the missiles and sent them to Cuba which eventually lead to the “crisis” (1953 - 1964)

Who was Fidel Castro? Which country did he rule? When?

Prime Minister of Cuba that was tried to remove from office during the Bay of Pigs but it failed (1959 - 1976)

What was the “Bay of Pigs Invasion”? Was it successful?

In 1961 was a failed attack launched during the Kennedy administration to push Cuban leader Fidel Castro from power (made kennedy look bad)

Which president’s program for governing was called the “New Frontier”?

John F. Kennedy made these policies

When did LBJ serve as president?

1963 to 1969

Know the following about Ho Chi Minh.

- He was a Communist leader in Vietnam (fought against the USA and the South Vietnamese) - If elections were held after the “temporary” division in 1955, he would’ve been elected - He received support from China and the USSR

Which President famously urged in a speech in Berlin, “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!”?

Ronald Reagan

The number of U.S. soldiers killed in Vietnam?

58,000

What was the result of the First Gulf War? (It ended in March of 1991)

Kuwait was liberated from the military of iraq

What is meant by the phrase Guns and Butter?

Military and Welfare

Who was John Henry Hammond? Name 3 famous musicians he discovered

John Henry Hammond was an artist who discovered many extremely popular jazz artists of that time - Bob Dylan - Billie Holiday - Aretha franklin

The ______ Theory convinced JFK to intervene more in Vietnam to stop the spread of Communism.

Domino

What effect did the Tet Offensive have on the American Public?

This event lead the American public to turn against the vietnam war

Which U.S. president was in office when the Gulf of Tonkin Incident occurred?

Lyndon B. Johnson

What happened in the Gulf of Tonkin Incident?How did the U.S. Government Respond

The body of water that had an incident that showed that the US was involved in the vietnam war

Which President was in power when the USA recognized (accepted the existence) Communist China?

Nixon

Which Cold War president was the most suspicious of big government domestic programs?

Reagan

What was the Tiananmen Square incident of 1989?

When chinese protesters had been killed by their military in an act of protesting against the government

Know the countries that were part of the Eastern (Communist) bloc (side)

USSR, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria (Unsanitized People Check Hungary Romanian Butts) and East Germany

The term “evil empire” (from President Reagan) in your reading was directed at the past and present governments of what country?

USSR

Which Cold War President of the USA of the following can best be described as a “realist”? (as opposed to an idealist)

Nixon

Which 3 countries make up French Indochina?

Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam

What’s the connection between Brown V. Board of Education and Plessy Ferguson?

The Plessy v. Ferguson case was held in an 1896 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the “separate but equal” doctrine in all the states. The Brown V. Board of Education made segregation illegal

Who was Jackie Robinson? What is he most famous for?

He was a famous Baseball player, and was the first african american person in the MLB

Rosa Parks created the spark that led to the famous Bus Boycott in which city?

Montgomery Alabama

How did Thurgood Marshall make history twice? (First as a lawyer, then as a judge)

As a lawyer, he was a person who would fight against segregation, and as a Judge he was the first african american supreme court justice

How did the famous Indian leader, Gandhi, influence MLK Jr.?

He drew heavily on the Gandhian idea of nonviolence in his own activism

In 1963, MLK gave his famous “I Have a Dream” speech on the steps of which monument?

The lincoln memorial

The Little Rock 9 brought integration to what type of school? In which state?

The little rock nine were a group of African American students who were in a central high school in little rock Arkansas and were first African American students to go to the previously all white school.

“Bull” Connor was the infamous police chief in which city/state?

Birmingham alabama

According to your book, what was the estimated attendance to the 1963 “March on Washington”?

250,000

How long was the march from Selma to Montgomery?

54 miles and 5 days to complete

The tallest monument in Washington D.C. is dedicated to whom?

George Washington