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HOA 3 > SRI LANKA ARCH > Flashcards

SRI LANKA ARCH Flashcards

1
Q

displays a rich variety of architectural forms and styles

A

SRI LANKA ARCHITECTURE

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2
Q

Major Influences of Sri Lanka:

A
  1. Indian and Chinese architecture (by tradition)
  2. Architectural influences from Southeast Asia (vice versa)
  3. Europe (Techniques and styles transported to the country via colonialism)
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3
Q

RELIGION INFLUENCE

A
  1. Shaivism
  2. Buddhism
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4
Q

has had a many influence on early Sri Lankan architecture, during the region of King Ravana

A

Shaivism

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5
Q

has had a significant influence on Sri Lankan architecture, since it was introduced to the island in the 3rd Century BCE

A

Buddhism

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6
Q

CONSTRUCTION METHOD

A
  • Some stone slabs were precisely cut that the joints are hardly visible and nothing could be inserted between the slabs.
  • have had the first pre-fabricated buildings in the world. Some sections of the monastic buildings were prepared separately then fitted together.
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7
Q

AIR COOLING

A

dried buffalo skin was fixed above the roof of the building. Water dripped onto it from several holes, creating the effect of rain and sending colling breeze

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8
Q

BUILDING MATERIALS

A

Brick, Stone, Wood

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9
Q

It carried the load. Frames were made out of whole trunks of trees. Mature trees were selected and cut in the new moon when the sugar content in timber was lower

A

TIMBER

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10
Q

Two practices of carpentry

A

1.oil was applied to timber to prevent decay, 2.wood was heated to straighten it.

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11
Q

DIVERTS THE WATER SO IT WON’T FLOOD THE INSIDE OF THE CAVE

A

DRIP LEDGE

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12
Q

Ponds/Garden

A
  1. Sigiraya Pond
  2. Kuttan Pokuna
  3. Nandana
  4. Royal Gardens in Polonnaruwa
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13
Q

This temple complex is located in and around 3 beautiful bolder formations spread across a large area in front of the Tissa Weva.

Remains of 23 caves with drip ledges which the monks used can be seen on two of the rock formations.

made in the form of a pabbatha vihara architecture.

A

VESSAGIRIYA

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14
Q

Were built merging with a
natural rock formation. These are built by arranging several rectangular
building areas (courtyards) at different levels surrounded by water. In
the upper courtyard itself are the four sacred buildings arranged in
specific order.

A

PABATTHA VIHARA

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15
Q

image house

A

PILIMA GEYA

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16
Q

largest and best-preserved cave temple complex in Sri Lanka.

A

DAMBULLA CAVE TEMPLE

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17
Q

Major attractions are spread over five caves, which contain statues and paintings. These paintings and statues are related to:

A

GAUTAMA BUDDHA

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18
Q

Number of statues in dambulla cave temple

A

153 Buddha statues, three statues of Sri Lankan kings and four statues of gods
and goddesses.

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19
Q

Depictions on the walls of the caves include the___________ and __________

A
  1. Temptation by the demon Mara
  2. Buddha’s first sermon
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20
Q

burial sites with human skeletons

A

Ibbankatuwa

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21
Q

by far the most impressive of the many cave temples found in Sri Lanka. (era)

A

Anuradhapura & Polonnaruwa

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22
Q

rock fortress

A

Sigiriya

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23
Q

Dambulla Rock

A

access

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24
Q

Hindu deities are also represented here

A

Five caves of Dambulla

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25
Q

Hindu deities,

A

1.Kings Valagamba 2.Nissankamalla
3.Ananda

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26
Q

Buddha’s most devoted disciple

A

Ananda

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27
Q

first cave
dominated by the 14-meter statue of the Buddha, hewn out of the rock.

A

Cave of the Divine King

28
Q

In the second and largest cave, in addition to 16 standing and 40 seated statues of Buddha, are the gods Saman and Vishnu, which pilgrims often decorate with garlands,

A

Cave of the Great Kings

29
Q

Devaraja Lena

A

Cave of the Divine King

30
Q

Maharaja lena

A

Cave of the Great King

31
Q

Great New Monastery

A

third cave
ceiling and wall paintings in the typical Kandy style

32
Q

Maha Alut Vihara

A

Great New Monastery

33
Q

King Kirti Sri Rajasinha

A

e famous Buddhist revivalist

34
Q

one of the Buddhist temples in
the country with highest number of drip ledged rock caves.
has 99 rock caves with drip ledges
Beside the rock caves, inscription with pre-Brahmi characters

A

Pilikuththuwa temple

35
Q

These caves are surrounded by modern wall and ceiling paintings. The main cave constitutes large reclining statue of Buddha along with Standing and
seated Buddha statues. One of the cave has terrifying depictions of the
hellish afterlife that awaits people who commit sins. one cave is dedicated to the Indian monk,

A

Aluvihare Temple

36
Q

Indian monk, regarded as the greatest exponent and interpreter of the Pali canonical scriptures

A

BUDDHAGOSA

37
Q

range houses a number of caves cut into the rock with Brahmi inscriptions over their drip ledges.
This Buddhist monastery which was abandoned after the times of the
Kingdom of Polonnaruwa was restored to the present status in the 1950s due
to the efforts of Kithalagama

A

Dimbulagala

38
Q

chief incumbent of the Vihara

A

Kithalagama

39
Q

forgotten fresco considered
to be an important milestone in the history of the artistic heritage of Sri
Lanka.

A

Pulligoda (painting)

40
Q
  • cradled on a rocky crag approximately 16km from the coastal town of Tangalle
  • Shrouded within a green forest, the
    Buddist rock temple requires you to ascend 500 steps before you can admire the beauty from its summit
A

Mulkirigala Temple

41
Q
  • first Buddhist dagoba built in Sri Lanka
  • white domed structure in the ancient city of Anuradhapura
  • The shrine is most notable for housing one of the relics of Buddha – his right
    collarbone – making it a pilgrimage site for Buddhists from around the world
  • has been built in the shape of a bell. - - This dagoba was destroyed from time to time.
A

Thuparamaya Temple

42
Q

Thuparamaya Temple dome and base size

A
  • Base of the monument = diameter of 59 ft (18 m
  • The dome = 11 feet 4 inches (3.45 m) in height from the ground, 164 1⁄2 ft
    (50.1 m) in diameter.
43
Q
  • Buddhist reliquary monument, located in the ruins of Jetavana monastery in the UNESCO world heritage city of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka.
  • At 122 meters, and was the world’s tallest stupa; and the third tallest
    structure in the world
  • represents the tensions within the Theravada and Mahayana sects of Buddhism
A

Jetavanarama Temple

44
Q
  • unique architectural building which completely housed the Stupa
  • remains a one of the best examples of local craftsmanship of the ancient Sri Lanka
A

Medirigiriya Vatadage

45
Q

5 royal residences (palace)

A
  1. Vijayabahu’s palace in the inner city at Anuradhapura
  2. Palaces of Nissanka Malla and Parakramabahu in Polonnaruwa
  3. Palace of Sugala in Galabadda
  4. Parakramabahu’s palace in Panduwasnuwara
46
Q

Plan of the palace

A

same ground plan
Each was set in a rectangular
area enclosed by galleries with an entrance from the east.

47
Q

Impressive example of stonework.
The building’s front is guarded by incredibly detailed lions which sit at the head of the stairway, looking out onto the plain.
It is a layered structure made of platforms and the lion theme quite runs through the building.

A

Palace of Anuradhapura

48
Q

detail of the staircase found in the Palace of Anuradhapura

A

MAKARA BALUSTRADES

49
Q

The structure is an elevated stone platform with a number of stone columns and surrounded by a low stone wall.

A

Nissanka Latha Mandapa

50
Q

Once towering at 7 stories, and believed to have around 1,000 chambers,

A

Palace of Parakramabahu

51
Q

lowest class

A

Chandalas

52
Q

constructed to for the celebrations in Anuradhapura.
guardstones found at the entrance

A

Palace of Vijayahabu

53
Q

The guardstones at the entrance of the palace of Vijayabahu
two attendants of Kuvera

A

Sankhanihi and Padmanidhi

54
Q

rises abruptly from the plains
A cave temple was built for monks at the apex.
had close diplomatic ties with China.

A

Palace of Yapahuwa

55
Q

The palace has been on a steep rock spreading in a vast area with a royal garden in the middle.
very narrow like a bottleneck.

A

Palace of Dambadeniya

56
Q

Last Royal Residence of His Majesty King Sri Vikrama Rajasinha
Also known as “Maha Wasala” or “Maligawa”

A

Palace of Kandy

57
Q

Located at the northern end of the palace complex.
- It is a long building with a central
doorway, with a flight of steps entering into an imposing hall decorated with stucco and terra-cotta work.

A

Raja Wasala/Kings Palace

58
Q

an open park located in front of the Temple of the Tooth.

A

Maha Maluwa/Great Terrace

59
Q

where the king met his ministers and carried out his daily administrative tasks.

A

Magul Maduwa/Royal Audience Hall

60
Q

where the king used to rest while
adigars and other visitors awaiting for him

A

Wadahandina Mandappe

61
Q

quarters of the harem of the King of Kandy.

A

Palle Vahale/Lower Palace

62
Q

The western doorway leads to a small open courtyard, with verandahs surrounding it.

A

Meda Wasala/Queens Chamber

63
Q

The building has a central
porch of timber columns. It is currently used for the District Courts of Kandy.

A

Ran Ayuda Maduwa/Royal Armoury

64
Q

located on the embankment of Kandy Lake. It was to serve as the bathing chambers for his queens.

A

Ulpange/ Queens Bathing Pavilion

65
Q

It was a quadrilateral palace, being two hundred feet long on each of its sides and the same in height.
9 storeys
100 windows, 1000 rooms
roof made of brazen tiles

A

Lovamahapaya

66
Q

Also called as Great brazen palace

A

Lovamahapaya

HOA 3 (4 decks)

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