- Some stone slabs were precisely cut that the joints are hardly visible and nothing could be inserted between the slabs. - have had the first pre-fabricated buildings in the world. Some sections of the monastic buildings were prepared separately then fitted together.

1. Sigiraya Pond 2. Kuttan Pokuna 3. Nandana 4. Royal Gardens in Polonnaruwa

SRI LANKA ARCH Flashcards by Jhamil Bazar

displays a rich variety of architectural forms and styles

SRI LANKA ARCHITECTURE

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Major Influences of Sri Lanka:

Indian and Chinese architecture (by tradition)
Architectural influences from Southeast Asia (vice versa)
Europe (Techniques and styles transported to the country via colonialism)

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RELIGION INFLUENCE

Shaivism
Buddhism

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has had a many influence on early Sri Lankan architecture, during the region of King Ravana

Shaivism

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has had a significant influence on Sri Lankan architecture, since it was introduced to the island in the 3rd Century BCE

Buddhism

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CONSTRUCTION METHOD

Some stone slabs were precisely cut that the joints are hardly visible and nothing could be inserted between the slabs.
have had the first pre-fabricated buildings in the world. Some sections of the monastic buildings were prepared separately then fitted together.

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AIR COOLING

dried buffalo skin was fixed above the roof of the building. Water dripped onto it from several holes, creating the effect of rain and sending colling breeze

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BUILDING MATERIALS

Brick, Stone, Wood

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It carried the load. Frames were made out of whole trunks of trees. Mature trees were selected and cut in the new moon when the sugar content in timber was lower

TIMBER

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Two practices of carpentry

1.oil was applied to timber to prevent decay, 2.wood was heated to straighten it.

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DIVERTS THE WATER SO IT WON’T FLOOD THE INSIDE OF THE CAVE

DRIP LEDGE

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Ponds/Garden

Sigiraya Pond
Kuttan Pokuna
Nandana
Royal Gardens in Polonnaruwa

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This temple complex is located in and around 3 beautiful bolder formations spread across a large area in front of the Tissa Weva.

Remains of 23 caves with drip ledges which the monks used can be seen on two of the rock formations.

made in the form of a pabbatha vihara architecture.

VESSAGIRIYA

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Were built merging with a
natural rock formation. These are built by arranging several rectangular
building areas (courtyards) at different levels surrounded by water. In
the upper courtyard itself are the four sacred buildings arranged in
specific order.

PABATTHA VIHARA

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image house

PILIMA GEYA

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largest and best-preserved cave temple complex in Sri Lanka.

DAMBULLA CAVE TEMPLE

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Major attractions are spread over five caves, which contain statues and paintings. These paintings and statues are related to:

GAUTAMA BUDDHA

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Number of statues in dambulla cave temple

153 Buddha statues, three statues of Sri Lankan kings and four statues of gods
and goddesses.

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Depictions on the walls of the caves include the___________ and __________

Temptation by the demon Mara
Buddha’s first sermon

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burial sites with human skeletons

Ibbankatuwa

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by far the most impressive of the many cave temples found in Sri Lanka. (era)

Anuradhapura & Polonnaruwa

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rock fortress

Sigiriya

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Dambulla Rock

access

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Hindu deities are also represented here

Five caves of Dambulla

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Hindu deities,

1.Kings Valagamba 2.Nissankamalla 3.Ananda

Buddha's most devoted disciple

Ananda

first cave dominated by the 14-meter statue of the Buddha, hewn out of the rock.

Cave of the Divine King

In the second and largest cave, in addition to 16 standing and 40 seated statues of Buddha, are the gods Saman and Vishnu, which pilgrims often decorate with garlands,

Cave of the Great Kings

Devaraja Lena

Cave of the Divine King

Maharaja lena

Cave of the Great King

Great New Monastery

third cave ceiling and wall paintings in the typical Kandy style

Maha Alut Vihara

Great New Monastery

King Kirti Sri Rajasinha

e famous Buddhist revivalist

one of the Buddhist temples in the country with highest number of drip ledged rock caves. has 99 rock caves with drip ledges Beside the rock caves, inscription with pre-Brahmi characters

Pilikuththuwa temple

These caves are surrounded by modern wall and ceiling paintings. The main cave constitutes large reclining statue of Buddha along with Standing and seated Buddha statues. One of the cave has terrifying depictions of the hellish afterlife that awaits people who commit sins. one cave is dedicated to the Indian monk,

Aluvihare Temple

Indian monk, regarded as the greatest exponent and interpreter of the Pali canonical scriptures

BUDDHAGOSA

range houses a number of caves cut into the rock with Brahmi inscriptions over their drip ledges. This Buddhist monastery which was abandoned after the times of the Kingdom of Polonnaruwa was restored to the present status in the 1950s due to the efforts of Kithalagama

Dimbulagala

chief incumbent of the Vihara

Kithalagama

forgotten fresco considered to be an important milestone in the history of the artistic heritage of Sri Lanka.

Pulligoda (painting)

- cradled on a rocky crag approximately 16km from the coastal town of Tangalle - Shrouded within a green forest, the Buddist rock temple requires you to ascend 500 steps before you can admire the beauty from its summit

Mulkirigala Temple

- first Buddhist dagoba built in Sri Lanka - white domed structure in the ancient city of Anuradhapura - The shrine is most notable for housing one of the relics of Buddha – his right collarbone – making it a pilgrimage site for Buddhists from around the world - has been built in the shape of a bell. - - This dagoba was destroyed from time to time.

Thuparamaya Temple

Thuparamaya Temple dome and base size

* Base of the monument = diameter of 59 ft (18 m * The dome = 11 feet 4 inches (3.45 m) in height from the ground, 164 1⁄2 ft (50.1 m) in diameter.

- Buddhist reliquary monument, located in the ruins of Jetavana monastery in the UNESCO world heritage city of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. - At 122 meters, and was the world's tallest stupa; and the third tallest structure in the world - represents the tensions within the Theravada and Mahayana sects of Buddhism

Jetavanarama Temple

- unique architectural building which completely housed the Stupa - remains a one of the best examples of local craftsmanship of the ancient Sri Lanka

Medirigiriya Vatadage

5 royal residences (palace)

1. Vijayabahu’s palace in the inner city at Anuradhapura 2. Palaces of Nissanka Malla and Parakramabahu in Polonnaruwa 3. Palace of Sugala in Galabadda 4. Parakramabahu’s palace in Panduwasnuwara

Plan of the palace

same ground plan Each was set in a rectangular area enclosed by galleries with an entrance from the east.

Impressive example of stonework. The building’s front is guarded by incredibly detailed lions which sit at the head of the stairway, looking out onto the plain. It is a layered structure made of platforms and the lion theme quite runs through the building.

Palace of Anuradhapura

detail of the staircase found in the Palace of Anuradhapura

MAKARA BALUSTRADES

The structure is an elevated stone platform with a number of stone columns and surrounded by a low stone wall.

Nissanka Latha Mandapa

Once towering at 7 stories, and believed to have around 1,000 chambers,

Palace of Parakramabahu

lowest class

Chandalas

constructed to for the celebrations in Anuradhapura. guardstones found at the entrance

Palace of Vijayahabu

The guardstones at the entrance of the palace of Vijayabahu two attendants of Kuvera

Sankhanihi and Padmanidhi

rises abruptly from the plains A cave temple was built for monks at the apex. had close diplomatic ties with China.

Palace of Yapahuwa

The palace has been on a steep rock spreading in a vast area with a royal garden in the middle. very narrow like a bottleneck.

Palace of Dambadeniya

Last Royal Residence of His Majesty King Sri Vikrama Rajasinha Also known as "Maha Wasala" or "Maligawa"

Palace of Kandy

Located at the northern end of the palace complex. - It is a long building with a central doorway, with a flight of steps entering into an imposing hall decorated with stucco and terra-cotta work.

Raja Wasala/Kings Palace

an open park located in front of the Temple of the Tooth.

Maha Maluwa/Great Terrace

where the king met his ministers and carried out his daily administrative tasks.

Magul Maduwa/Royal Audience Hall

where the king used to rest while adigars and other visitors awaiting for him

Wadahandina Mandappe

quarters of the harem of the King of Kandy.

Palle Vahale/Lower Palace

The western doorway leads to a small open courtyard, with verandahs surrounding it.

Meda Wasala/Queens Chamber

The building has a central porch of timber columns. It is currently used for the District Courts of Kandy.

Ran Ayuda Maduwa/Royal Armoury

located on the embankment of Kandy Lake. It was to serve as the bathing chambers for his queens.

Ulpange/ Queens Bathing Pavilion

It was a quadrilateral palace, being two hundred feet long on each of its sides and the same in height. 9 storeys 100 windows, 1000 rooms roof made of brazen tiles

Lovamahapaya

Also called as Great brazen palace

Lovamahapaya