INDIAN ARCH

Question 1

river Indus and Ganges
Himalayas, Everest mountain
Surrounded by seas and Indian Ocean

Answer 1

GEOGRAPHICAL CONDITION

Question 2

rich in timber
some parts available in white marble, rock-cut temples

Answer 2

GEOLOGICAL CONDITION

Question 3

half lies in Tropic Cancer

Answer 3

CLIMATIC CONDITION

Question 4

RELIGIOUS CONDITION

Answer 4

Hinduism - aryans and dravidians
Jain - “nirvana”(pure happiness) mahaveer or vadhaman
Buddhist - siddharta gautama “ultimate nirvana”

Question 5

earliest known civilization

Answer 5

INDUS VALLEY

Question 6

Variety of house types many of which had “private baths”
connected to the drainage systems

Answer 6

HARAPPA & MOJENJO DARO

Question 7

WHAT MAKES INDIAN ARCH UNIQUE?

Answer 7

• ARCH
• WELL PLANED CITIES AND HOUSES
• DRAINAGE SYSTEMS

Question 8

Main economic activity

Answer 8

Agriculture

Question 9

Houses were made by

Answer 9

clay bricks

Question 10

Their leaders were

Answer 10

priest-kings

Question 11

Their religion is

Answer 11

Animism and Polytheism

Question 12

“mountain peak”
* “North Indian temple architecture”
- These are the peaks of the towers rising from the
core of Hindu Temple.
- These towers are always extravagantly decorated.
- They vary in shape throughout the country

Answer 12

SIKHARAS

Question 13

3 KINDS OF SIKHARAS

Answer 13

(1) LATINA
(2) PHAMSANA
(3) VALABHI

Question 14

• It has a square base.
• It is the simple and the
  most common type.
• Mostly used for
  Garbhagriha.

Answer 14

LATINA

Question 15

• It has a broader base.
• Shorter in height than the Latina
• Mostly used for
  Mandapa.

Answer 15

PHAMSANA

Question 16

It has a rectangular
base.
* Roof that rises into a
vaulted chambers.
* Known as wagon
vaulted buildings

Answer 16

VALABHI

Question 17

Northern India
* The entire temple is built on high stone platforms.
* Generally, they do not have large enclosures and
entrances.
* The temple had only one peak or shikhara above the
Garbagriha.

Answer 17

NAGARA TEMPLE STYLE

Question 18

Southern India
*Gopuram on the front wall.
* Like a stepped pyramid that rises up geometrically rather than the curving shikhara of North India
*Common to find a large water reservoir, or a temple tank, enclosed within the complex

Answer 18

DRAVIDIAN TEMPLE STYLE

Question 19

door-keepers guarding the temple adorn the entrance to garbhagriha

Answer 19

FIERCE DVARAPALAS

Question 20

one of the smallest towers. This is because it is usually the oldest part of the temple

Answer 20

GARBHAGRIHA

Question 21

PILLARS/COLUMNS

Answer 21

1. Stambha/Lats
2. Ashoka Pillars

Question 22

• Indian Columns with carved
  inscriptions.
• Figures of animals represents
  guardians of four quarters of
  universe.
• ELEPHANT
• BULL
• HORSE
• LION

Answer 22

STAMBHA/LATS

Question 23

SUPPORTS A METAL WHEEL WITH
24 SPOKES
* CAPITAL (MORE THAN 2M HIGH) –
SHAPE OF AN INVERTED BELL /
LOTUS BUB WITH FLUTED PETALS

Answer 23

ASHOKA PILLARS

Question 24

• a shrine that represents
  the sacred Mount Meru, as well as
  providing a sanctuary for relics of the
  Buddha.
• They have four r ceremonial gates to
  the shrine.

Answer 24

STUPAS

Question 25

elaborate stone carved entrance gate to stupa enclosure

Answer 25

TORANA

Question 26

a railing enclosing a sacred area, as a stupa

Answer 26

VEDIKA

Question 27

“Umbrellas,” referring to the open air cupolas on stilts.

Answer 27

CHATTRI

Question 28

PEDESTIAN PATH

Answer 28

MEDHI

Question 29

DECORATIVE BALCONY

Answer 29

HARMIKA

Question 30

DOME(STUPA)

Answer 30

ANDA

Question 31

UPPER LEVEL WALKWAY

Answer 31

PRADAKSHINA