ISLAMIC ARCH Flashcards
Arch. Character (Islamic)
Sober and Grotesque
A. THE USE OF
“HORSESHOE
ARCH”
B. TUNNEL OF
STONES & BRICKS
C. RICH SURFACE OF
DECORATION IN
CARVED STONE,
MOSAIC AND
PAINTING
D. CEILING DOME
E. MINARETS - tower
F. MUQARNAS - decorative vault
ISLAMIC ARCH
Chants the prayer call 5x (MOSQUE)
MUEZZIN
Where the prayer is sounded (MOSQUE)
MINARET
Ritual washing before prayers (MOSQUE)
FAWWARA/MEDA
Muslim line up (MOSQUE)
CONGREGATIONAL PRAYER
niche or opening -> direction of Mecca
QIBLA
Pulpit which imams issues a sermon (MOSQUE)
MINBAR
Head of the mosque
leads prayer (MOSQUE)
IMAM
Women w/ children separated from men w/ children
HAREM
oldest Islam monument, used as shrine for pilgrims
DOME OF THE ROCK, JERUSALEM
-LARGEST MOSQUE IN
THE WORLD AND
SURROUNDS THE ISLAM’S
HOLIEST PLACE. THE
“KAABA”
-9 minarets
GREAT MOSQUE OF MECCA
“HOUSE OF GOD”
-SMALL CUBICAL STONE
BUILDING IN THE COURTYARD
OF THE GREAT MOSQUE IN
MECCA
- CONTAINS A SACRED
BLACK STONE
KA’ABA
- OLDEST SURVIVING
STONE MOSQUE
-MARBLE GRILLES ON
WINDOWS, EARLIEST
EXAMPLE OF GEOMETRIC
INTERLACE IN
ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE
INTERIOR IS COVERED IN
MOSAIC
GREAT MOSQUE OF DAMASCUS
The Umayyad Caliphate Crosses the Straight of Gibraltar and quickly takes control of the region, naming it Al-Andalus
711 CE
The Umayyad Caliphate rules Al-Andalus until the early 11th
century, as the Umayyad Caliphate, Emirate of Córdoba, and Caliphate of Córdoba
11th century
The Almoravid Dynasty takes control of Al-Andalus and rules from their capital in North Africa
11th-12th century
The Almoravid Dynasty is taken over by the Almohad, who again control Al-Andalus from North Africa.
12-13th
Eventually the movement known as the Reconquista pushes Moorish control back to the southern fringes of the Iberian Peninsula. The Final
Islamic stronghold is the Emirate of Granada, which was defeated in 1492
13-15th
-ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE OF NORTH AFRICA
-BUILDING OF LARGE MOSQUES AND ELABORATED FORTRESS -PALACES
-STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS AND DECORATIONS ADAPTED FROM CLASSICAL ANTIQUITY
AND COMBINED WITH ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE
MOORISH ARCH
▪ elaborate
ornamentation
▪ arches,
▪ honeycombed
vaults
▪ colorful tile
work.
MOORISH ARCH
INCLUDES PERFECT OR NEAR
PERFECT RADIAL OR
BILATERAL SYMMETRY, RED
SANDSTONE WITH WHITE
MARBLE INLAYS, LATER PURE
WHITE MARBLE SURFACES,
GEOMETRIC ORNAMENT,
DOMES WHICH ARE SLIGHTLY
POINTED INSTEAD OF
HEMISPHERICAL ONES AND
GARDEN SURROUNDINGS.
HUMAYUN’S TOMB, INDIA
USING VUT, FITTED STONES
TO CREATE IMAGES
PIETRA DURA
PLATFORM WHERE TAJ MAHAL IS PLACED
CHAHAR BAGH
“CROWN PALACE”
TAJ MAHAL
type of garden built by Mughals based
on a Persian type of
architecture, they are an
example of landscape
horticulture.
MUGHAL GARDENS
e first types of mughal gardens
AGRA GARDENS
