Squints and Paeds Flashcards
What is amblyopia?
- input to LGB is disrupted
- layers of the LGB atrophy as do corresponding areas in cerebral cortex
Causes of amblyopia
- deprivation (bilat cataract/high refractive error)
- suppression (strabismus)
- combined (unilat cataract)
How does patching work?
Can force the brain to stop ignoring the weak eye
Is it worse to be very short sighted or very long sighted
- worse to be long sighted (image is blurry at all distances and brain receives no stimulus to develop)
When to refer a child with ptosis
- if visual axis is not clear
- if child adopts abnormal head posture which delays walking
When to refer a child with a haemangioma
If the pupil is partly or fully covered
Types of strabismus
- commitant (same in all directions)
- incommitant (changes in different directions)
What is a tropia?
A squint that is present when both eyes are open
What is a phoria?
A squint that only appears when one eye is covered
When to screen for ROP
- babies born under 33 weeks examined at 6 weeks by ophthalmologist
Treatment of ROP
Laser or cryotherapy to prevent retinal detachment and blidness
Long-term complications of prematurity
- ROP
- squint
- myopia
Features of retinoblastoma
- esotropia
- leukococoria
Acute management of opthalmia neonatorum
- irrigate frequently with saline or antibiotic drops to remove bacterial toxins
Treatment of gonococcal conjunctivitis
IV ceftriaxone
Copious irrigation with topical drops (Gentamycin)
