Squints and Paeds Flashcards
What is amblyopia?
- input to LGB is disrupted
- layers of the LGB atrophy as do corresponding areas in cerebral cortex
Causes of amblyopia
- deprivation (bilat cataract/high refractive error)
- suppression (strabismus)
- combined (unilat cataract)
How does patching work?
Can force the brain to stop ignoring the weak eye
Is it worse to be very short sighted or very long sighted
- worse to be long sighted (image is blurry at all distances and brain receives no stimulus to develop)
When to refer a child with ptosis
- if visual axis is not clear
- if child adopts abnormal head posture which delays walking
When to refer a child with a haemangioma
If the pupil is partly or fully covered
Types of strabismus
- commitant (same in all directions)
- incommitant (changes in different directions)
What is a tropia?
A squint that is present when both eyes are open
What is a phoria?
A squint that only appears when one eye is covered
When to screen for ROP
- babies born under 33 weeks examined at 6 weeks by ophthalmologist
Treatment of ROP
Laser or cryotherapy to prevent retinal detachment and blidness
Long-term complications of prematurity
- ROP
- squint
- myopia
Features of retinoblastoma
- esotropia
- leukococoria
Acute management of opthalmia neonatorum
- irrigate frequently with saline or antibiotic drops to remove bacterial toxins
Treatment of gonococcal conjunctivitis
IV ceftriaxone
Copious irrigation with topical drops (Gentamycin)
Treatment of herpes simplex
Acyclovir ointment
Treatment of chlamydial conjunctivitis
- topical tetracycline
- oral erythromycin
