Squint

Question 1

What is squint (strabismus)

Answer 1

Misalignment of the eyes so the images on the retina do not match, and the person will experience double vision

Question 2

How does squint progess over time

Answer 2

Brain copes with misalignment by reducing signals less dominant eye, where if this is not treated the lazy eye becomes progressively more disconnected from the brain

Question 3

What happens in concomitant squint

Answer 3

They are due to the differences in the control of the extra ocular muscle. The severity of the squint can vary

Question 4

What are paralytic squints

Answer 4

Rare and due to paralysis in one or more of the extra ocular muscles

Question 5

What is amblyopia

Answer 5

When the affected eye in a squint has become passive and has reduced function compared to other dominant eye

Question 6

What is esotropia

Answer 6

Inward positioned squint

Question 7

What is exotropia

Answer 7

Outward positioned squint

Question 8

What is hypertropia

Answer 8

Upward deviation

Question 9

What is hypotropia

Answer 9

Downward deviation

Question 10

Causes of squint

Answer 10

Idiopathic, hydrocephalus, cerebral palsy, SOLs, trauma

Question 11

Examination of squint

Answer 11

Eye movements, fundoscopy, visual acuity, Hirschberg’s test, cover test

Question 12

Management of squint

Answer 12

Occlusive patch to cover up the good eye and force the weaker eye to develop. Alternative is atropine drops.

Question 13

What age does treatment need to be started by

Answer 13

Before 8 years of age to reduce chance of it becoming permanent