Sprains

Question 1

Sprain

Answer 1

Overstretch injury to a ligament

Question 2

Causes of Sprain

Answer 2

• trauma-related twist or wrench of jt beyond its normal ROM
• congenital ligamentous laxity (hypermobility)
• history of previous sprains to jt
• altered biomechanics
• connective tissue pathologies

*other soft tissue injuries such as strain & contusions may occur w/ a sprain

Question 3

Grade 1 - 3 subacute sprains

Answer 3

Grade 1 = stable
Grade 2 = hypermobile & stable
Grade 3 = hypermobile & unstable w/ lig stress testing

Question 4

Most common ligament sprained in ankle

Answer 4

Anterior Talofibular Ligament

Question 5

Most common ligament sprained in knee

Answer 5

Medial Collateral Ligament

Question 6

Palpation on Edema for Sprain

Answer 6

Acute = firm
Subacute = less firm w/ adhesions forming
Chronic = boggy (possibly) jelly-like

Question 7

Resisted muscle test for SPRAIN

Answer 7

Strong and Painless - if strictly ligamentous

if muscle involved will be pain

Question 8

Return to activity guidelines for sprains

Answer 8

Grade 1 = 4-5 days
Grade 2 = 7-14 days
Grade 3 = immobilization generally removed at 6-8 wks

Question 9

CI’s for Sprain

Answer 9

-in acute stage, testing other than pain-free AOM
- avoid eliminating protective mm spasm in acute
- no distal circulatory techniques in acute & early subacute
- grade 3 is casted, avoid hot hydro immediately proximal to cast
- if grade 3 surgically repaired, do not restore full ROM
- no frictions (anti-inflammatories & blood thinners)