Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pediatrics > Sports Injury/MSK/Ortho > Flashcards

Sports Injury/MSK/Ortho Flashcards

1
Q

Sprain classifications

A

Grade 1: ligament is stretched.
Grade 2: A partial ligament tear
Grade 3: complete tear of the ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ottowa Ankle Criteria

A

Radiographs of the ankle are indicated for individuals
1. Unable to bear weight on the affected ankle
2. Tenderness involving the tip or posterior aspect of the ankle malleoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ankle sprains should be treated with _______, if tolerated

A

early mobilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pain associated with spondylolysis, what causes it, and how to evaluate

A
  • pain with EXTENSION of lumbar spine and some local radiation
  • caused by repeated sports injury,
  • evaluate by radiology (only 50-60% sensitive), can also evaluate by MRI
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Greenstick Fracture
- mechanism of fall

A

outstretched hand
long bone break

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Physeal fractures are called

A

Salter-Harris fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define:
Salter-Harris type I
Salter-Harris type II
Salter-Harris type III
Salter-Harris type IV

A

I: bony injury across physis (none to metaphyseal or peiphyseal)
II:
III:
IV: cross 3 regions of bone (epiphysis, physis, mataphysis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pain with ambulation in a multisport athlete, better with resting, comes right back with exercise. Dx?

A

Femoral neck stress fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Evaluation of and Management of femoral neck stress fracture

A

Passive leg roll with reproduction of joint pain
MRI
crutches (fully non-weight bearing)
Screw-fixation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Management of femoral anteversion “knock-knees”

A

reassurance if asymptomatic
Close re-evaluation if intermalleolar distance is 7 cm or more

If knee pain, hip pain, or restricted hip ROM, hip XR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Management of in-toeing

A

If before 6-8 yo, reassurance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cause of in-toeing
<3 yo
>3 yo

A

<3 yo: internal tibial torsion
>3 yo: femoral anteversion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Adolescent has congenital scoliosis, next step?

A

renal ultrasound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diagnosis of congenital scoliosis

A

Malformation of vertebra (wedge formation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When should you refer to orthopedic surgeon in scoliosis? When is surgery indicated?

A

Referral: > 20 degrees

Surgery:
progression > 10 degrees per year OR
>40 degrees
>50 degrees in skeletly mature individuals (will progress)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Management of stress fracture through growth plate from “little league shoulder”

A

cessation of use for 3 months
Sling if there is significant discomfort at rest or pain with ADL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Inferior patellar pain bilateral, worse with resisted knee extension, no ligamentus laxity noted. Dx?

A

Distal patellar apophysitis (Sinding-Larsen-Johansson syndrome SLJS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Inferior patellar pain bilateral, worse with resisted knee extension, no ligamentus laxity noted. Dx?

A

Distal patellar apophysitis (Sinding-Larsen-Johansson syndrome SLJS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pain in tibial tuberosity

A

Osgood-Sclatter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

gradual onset of diffuse anterior patellar pain after period of increased activity

A

patellofemoral syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Gradual onset of pain along patellar tendon after a period of increased high intensity running +/- jogging

A

patellar tendinitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

When should valguss knee deformity (knock-knee) resolve by

A

2 yo - 4 yo

22
Q

When should varus/valgus deformity be evaluated further?

A

Valgus onset before age 2
>7 yo with intermalleolar distance > 8 cm
+ pain/swelling
Prior trauma
Abnormal growth curve

23
Q

Evaluation of septic arthritis

A

ultrasound of joint to rule out/in effusion

24
Q

Abx of septic arthritis

A

cover staph and strep, kingela

Unasyn/zosyn and 3rd gen cephalosporin to cover H. flu and gonorrhea

25
Q

When does surgical intervention need to happen in septic arthritis

A

hip or shoulder joint

26
Q

Atraumatic groin pain in adolescent ddx

A

femoroacetabular joint pathology
- femoroacetabular impingement
- acetabular labrum tear “C-sign”
- femoral neck stress fracture
- hip flexor tendinitis +/- bursitis

27
Q

What syndrome/disease is associated with Leg-length dyscrepancy

A

Wilms tumor

28
Q

Management of leg-length discrepancy

A

Skeletally immature
<2 cm: reassess every 6-12 mo
2-6 cm: surgical referral for possible epiphysiodesis (destruction of growth plate)
>6 cm: surgical referral for possible limb lengthening or prosthetic fitting

Skeletally mature
<2 cm: reassureance or heel lift if symptomatic
2-6 cm: surgical referral for possible limb-shortening procedure
>6 cm: surgical referral for possible limb lengthening or prosthetic fitting

29
Q

Management of leg-length discrepancy

A

Skeletally immature
<2 cm: reassess every 6-12 mo
2-6 cm: surgical referral for possible epiphysiodesis (destruction of growth plate)
>6 cm: surgical referral for possible limb lengthening or prosthetic fitting

Skeletally mature
<2 cm: reassureance or heel lift if symptomatic
2-6 cm: surgical referral for possible limb-shortening procedure
>6 cm: surgical referral for possible limb lengthening or prosthetic fitting

30
Q

Pathophys of osteogenesis impefecta

A

abnormality in type 1 collagen

COL1A1, COL1A2

31
Q

Respiratory sequelae of osteogenesis imperfecta

A

small chest cavity = restrictive disease

32
Q

How do you monitor hip joints in infants with osteogenesis imperfecta?

A

Hip ultrasound

33
Q

Heel pain in athlete, dx and management

A

Sever apophysitis (injured calcaneal growth plate)
Management: heel cups or cushions

34
Q

What ages should one be evaluated for scoliosis

A

Girls: 10 and 12 yo
Boys: 13 and 14 yo

35
Q

What is considered positive screening for scoliosis and what is the next step

A

> 5-7 degrees

Radiographs of the spine

36
Q

Radiologic finding of legg-calve-perthes (femoral head AVN) and next steps

A

radiolucency of femoral head
crutches and non-weight bearing status

37
Q

Radiologic finding of legg-calve-perthes (femoral head AVN) and next steps

A

radiolucency of femoral head
crutches and non-weight bearing status

38
Q

Where is the most reassuring place for polydactyly on a hand?

A

postaxial (ulnar/fibular aspect)

39
Q

Pattern of development in children with achondroplasia

A

Delayed gross motor development

40
Q

What is the normal passive rotational and lateral flexion range of neck in children 0-3?

A

110 degrees on each side (rotational)
70 degrees on each side (lateral flexion)

41
Q

If congenital muscular torticollis continues after 6 mo of therapy, what is the next step?

A

radiography

.. if >1 year, maybe surgery

42
Q

Visual acuity cut off for athletes

A

if 20/40 uncorrected, need to go get glasses
if best is 20/40, then need additional eye protection

43
Q

Difference in management of flexor tendon vs. extensor tendon injury of the hand

A

flexor = surgical referral
extensor = conservative

44
Q

What is the “neck rule”

A

above the neck, ok to play for athletes
Below the neck symptoms (pna, emesis, systemic), should be withheld from sports

45
Q

Tackled kid has injury to lateral neck…symptoms resolved with free ROM of neck, but still weakness of shoulder abduction and elbow flexion. Next steps?

A

watch for resolution

“stinger” or “burner”

46
Q

After concussion, what is the medical clearance protocol

A

Full symptom resolution, return to prior levels of academic performance, no symptom recurrence with physical activity.

47
Q

Pitcher throwing with medial elbow pain that is worsening, now with swelling. Next step?

A

Bilateral elbow xray to assess for medial apophysitis or progression to avulsion

Need bilateral to assess subtle changes in growth plate alignment

47
Q

Pitcher throwing with medial elbow pain that is worsening, now with swelling. Next step?

A

Bilateral elbow xray to assess for medial apophysitis or progression to avulsion

Need bilateral to assess subtle changes in growth plate alignment

48
Q

Management of medial apophysitis of elbow

A

cast immobilization for 2-3 weeks
if >2 mm displacement, possible surgical fixation

49
Q

Recommendation for Osgood-Schlatter

A

spend at least 2-3 mo/yr away from structured sports participation

50
Q

Girl with syncope during exertion and no other symptoms after. No family history of cardiac deaths. Next steps?

A

Cardiac clearance.

51
Q

Recurrent ankle injuries, management

A

Radiography IF:
tenderness along posterior edge, tip or distal 6 cm of tibia or fibula OR inability to bear weight immediately after injury in the office

Otherwise, PT

52
Q

healthy rate of weight loss for adolescents is no greater than __

A

1.5% of body weight per week

Pediatrics (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions