Ophtho

Question 1

When does Retinopathy of Prematurity screening need to happen (what age/weight)

Answer 1

< 1500 g
or if < 30 wk GA (start at 31wk GA or 4 wk post birth)

Question 2

Difference between preseptal and orbital cellulitis

Answer 2

Orbital:
+ Proptosis
+ Pain with eye movement
+ Ophthalmoplegia, diplopia, visual impairment

Question 3

Abx for preseptal cellulitis

Answer 3

bactrim or clinda
AND 3rd gen cephalosporin (cefdinir or cefpodoxime)

or Augmentin

Question 4

Risk factor for Primary intracranial htn (IIH or pseudomotor cerebrii)

Answer 4

obesity
PCOS
post-pubertal women

Question 5

What is a normal LP opening pressure? (pediatric)

Answer 5

Mean ~20, Max 28 ish (90th percentile)

Question 6

When does gonorrhea conjunctivitis in neonates present vs. chlamydia trachomatis conjunctivitis?

Answer 6

Gonorrhea: early if no eye ointment is given
C. Trachomatis: 7d-4wk

Question 7

Corneal clouding, photophobia, chronic/intermittent tearing in neonate/infant. Dx?

Answer 7

early-onset glaucoma

Question 8

Secondary glaucoma is associated with which syndrome? And what other diseases?

Answer 8

Sturge-Weber

Aniridia
ROP
cataract surgery
tumor, trauma, steroids

Question 9

Acute dacrocystitis, where do you see it?

Answer 9

inferior and medial to the medial canthus

Question 10

Management of traumatic hyphema and what is it

Answer 10

Collection of blood in anterior chamber of the eye from shearing of blood vessels in iris and ciliary body

Management: place eye shield
Bed rest
Eye rest
Topical cycloplegics
Steroids
Analgesia
Elevate HOB to 30 degrees
Aggresive nausea tx

Question 11

Management of traumatic hyphema and what is it

Answer 11

Collection of blood in anterior chamber of the eye from shearing of blood vessels in iris and ciliary body

Management: place eye shield
Bed rest
Eye rest
Topical cycloplegics
Steroids
Analgesia
Elevate HOB to 30 degrees
Aggresive nausea tx

Question 12

Pathophys of chalazion vs. sty

Answer 12

Chalazion: Obstruction + inflammation of meibomian glands

Sty (tender/edematous), i.e. hordeola: external hordeolum abscess(infection of meibomian glands or glans of Zeis/Moll) associated with hair follicles

Both: apply warm compresses
Chalazion: steroid injection if not better
Sty: I&D if not better in 1-2 weeks

Question 13

Nystagmus (pendular, small fast horizontal, DYSCONJUGATE), torticollis, head titubation. Dx?

Answer 13

Triad of spasmus nutans

Question 14

Tx for spasmus nutans

Answer 14

should resolve by childhood

Question 15

When does spasmuc nutans present

Answer 15

> 6 mo to 12mo

Question 16

Eye movements in opsoclonus-yoclonus-ataxia

Answer 16

“dancing eye”, irregular
Associated with neuroblastoma, can also be postviral

Question 17

When do hemangiomas start and when should they involute and go away by

Answer 17

Start 3-5 mo, involute by 12 mo, goes away by 4 yo

Question 18

Which sinus is most closely related to orbital abscess?

Answer 18

ethmoid

Question 19

Which sinus is most closely related to orbital abscess?

Answer 19

ethmoid