Sports Injury

Question 1

What is the cause of shoulder impingement?

Answer 1

. Tendons of rotator cuff muscles become irritates and inflamed as they pass through the subacromial space
. Causes pain, weakness, and sometimes loss of shoulder movement

Question 2

What is the origin and insertion of the rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 2

Originates from the scapula and attach to the humeral head

Question 3

What is the collective function of the rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 3

Pull humeral head into glenoid fossa to give glenohumeral joint more stability

Question 4

Name the four rotator cuff muscles.

Answer 4

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor

Question 5

What is subacromial/shoulder impingement? What is it caused by?

Answer 5

. Shoulder pain caused by reduced amount of space between scapular and rotator cuff tendons
. Can be caused by bursitis or osteoarthritis (bony spurs on top of scapula, wear and tear)

Question 6

How could you test for shoulder impingement aside from clinical movement tests?

Answer 6

X-ray or ultrasound

Question 7

Why might x-ray and ultrasound not give a definitive diagnosis?

Answer 7

. Might be referred pain
. X-rays don’t show muscles
. Ultrasound not great at showing bone
. Usually shoulder impingement diagnosed clinically by testing patient’s range of movement, often a diagnosis of exclusion

Question 8

Where should a steroid injection be administered into the shoulder (glenohumeral) joint?

Answer 8

Inject in the depression between posterolateral edge of the acromion and the humeral head

Question 9

What is shoulder arthroscopy?

Answer 9

Keyhole surgery in the shoulder joint

Question 10

What is subacromial decompression surgery?

Answer 10

. Surgery to relieve pressure on rotator cuff tendons or reduce rubbing
. Can involve removing bone spurs and cutting coraco-acromial ligament to reduce pressure and pain on muscle and nerve