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Health > Sport Injuries > Flashcards

Sport Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

What is an acute injury

A

A sudden injury often with instant and significant pain

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2
Q

What is an example of an acute injury

A 
Fracture
Dislocation 
Sprain/strain
Concussions 
Torn ligament 
Laceration
Hamstring strain
Groin strain
Rib fracture
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3
Q

List some heat related injurys

A

Dehydration
Heat stroke
Heat exhaustion

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4
Q

What are chronic and overuse injuries a result of

A

High work loads and little rest

Common in younger athletes

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5
Q

What are shin splints

A

Pain in the front of the leg, where the muscle is pulling away from the bone

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6
Q

What are causes of shin splints

A

Pour posture
Too much training
Fallen arches
Bad running technique

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7
Q

What can help prevent injuries

A 
Modified equipment 
Stay hydrated 
Good coaching
Protective equipment 
Ground maintenance 
Taping
Stretching 
Fitness
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8
Q

What is a direct impact injury?

A

Is a direct collision with a person or object

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9
Q

What is a Indirect injury

A

An injury where the bone,muscle or ligament has more pressure applied to it then it can handle

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10
Q

Examples of overuse or chronic

injuries

A

Shin splints
Osteitis pubis
Tennis elbow

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11
Q

Soft tissue injuries

A 
Bones 
Muscles
Ligament 
Tendon
Cartilages
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12
Q

What is a strain

A

Muscle fiber and tendons are over stretched or torn

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13
Q

What is a sprain

A

A sprain is a joint that has been forced beyond its abilities

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14
Q

Body’s response to soft tissue injury

A

Bleeding
Bruising
Pain

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15
Q

What is hard tissue?

A

Hard tissue is bone or teeth

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16
Q

Example of hard tissue injuries

A

Broken bone or smashed teeth

17
Q

Example of direct impact injuries

A

Being struck by another person ( tackle in rugby)

Being hit by an object( cricket, netball

18
Q

What is a simple fracture

A

a fracture of the bone only, without damage to the surrounding tissues or breaking of the skin.

19
Q

What is a compound fracture

A

an injury in which a broken bone pierces the skin, causing a risk of infection

20
Q

What is a concussion

A

temporary unconsciousness or confusion and other symptoms caused by a blow on the head.

21
Q

Concussions symptoms

A 
Headache 
Black out
Poor balance 
Amnesia 
Disorientation
Sleep disorientation
Sleepiness 
Nausea
22
Q

What is a bruise

A

.
an injury appearing as an area of discoloured skin on the body, caused by a blow or impact rupturing underlying blood vessels.

23
Q

What is a hematoma

A

a solid swelling of clotted blood within the tissues.

24
Q

What is a dislocation

A

injury or disability caused when the normal position of a joint or other part of the body is disturbed.

25
Q

What is a stress fracture

A

injury or disability caused when .a fracture of a bone caused by repeated (rather than sudden) mechanical stress

26
Q

What is a cramp

A

painful involuntary contraction of a muscle or muscles, typically caused by fatigue or strain.

27
Q

What is dehydration

A

Excessive loss of water from the body.

28
Q

Symptoms of dehydration

A 
Increase thirs
Dry mouth
Tired or sleepy
Decrease in urination
Headache
Dry skin 
Dizziness
29
Q

What is a blister

A

.

a small bubble on the skin filled with pus and caused by friction, burning, or other damage.

30
Q

What is a cut

A

make an opening, incision, or wound in (something) with a sharp-edged tool or object.

31
Q

What is abrasion

A

: wearing, grinding, or rubbing away of the skin caused by friction.

32
Q

injury prevention equipment

A 
Rubber ball 
Shin pads
Helmet 
Box
Plastic bat
Mouth guard
33
Q

Injury prevention rules

A

No tackling
Hockey stick not above waist
No head shots

34
Q

Why is it important to do warm up stretches

A

Stretching the muscles prepares them for physical activity and prevents injuries.

35
Q

What dose Totaps stand for

A

Talk- to the athlete ( find out the pain, how the injury occurred, site of injury, deformity, abnormal sounds.

Observe- mental state, consciousness, position of the body, size, position of limb, shape, colour, athletes pupils and facial expressions.

Touch- fell (lumps, swelling, points of tenderness)
Skin, soft tissue, bones

Active movement-
Is there pain through part or all of the range Assess their willingness to move

Passive movements- gently put the joint or part through a normal range of movement watching the athletes reaction to pain

SKILL TEST
If none of these produce pain, then test the athlete to ensure he/she may return to play.

36
Q

What is STOP

A

s- stop the activity
T- talk to the athlete
O- observe movement
P- prevent further injury from occurring

• 1. Severe injury = get help
• 2. Less severe (soft tissue) = RICER • 3. Minor = play on

37
Q

What dose ricer stand for

A

R - REST
What?
REST the participant
How?
* Remove the participant from the competition area
* Place the participant in a comfortable position
* The injured part should be immobilised and supported

I - ICE
What?
ICE applied to the injury
How?
One of the following
* Crushed ice in a wet towel/plastic bag
* Immersion in icy water
* Cold pack wrapped in a towel
Apply for 20 minutes every two hours for the first 48 hours.
Caution:
* Do not apply ice directly to skin, as ice burns can occur
Why?
Ice decreases:
* Swelling
* Muscle Spasm
* Secondary damage to the injured area.

C - COMPRESSION
What?
Compression applied to the injured area
How?
Firmly apply an elastic compression bandage over a large area, covering the injured part as well as above and below the injury
Why?
Compression reduces swelling and provided support for the injured part.

E - ELEVATE
What?
Elevate the injured area
How?
Raise the injured area above the level of the heart whenever possible
Why?
Elevation decreases bleeding, swelling and pain.

R - REFER
What?
Refer and record
How?
* Refer to an appropriate healthcare professional for definitive diagnosis and continuing management
* Record your observations, assessment and initial management before referral.
Why?
To obtain and accurate diagnosis and for continuing management.

38
Q

No harm

A

NO
H – HEAT
A – ALCOHOL
R – RUNNING
M - MASSAGE

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