Sport in the 21st century

Question 1

How does gender effect sport in the 21st century?

Answer 1

• The drive for equality continues into the 21st century -> increased gender equality
• Traditional roles and stereotypes are challenged
• More opportunities and events for women
• Increased media coverage of women -> more female rolemodels
• Reduced gender discrimination (Gender Equality Act 2010
• Increased opportunity for professionalism

Question 2

How does social class effect participation in sport in the 21st century?

Answer 2

Social class still effects participation. It effects;
* The type of activity people can do
* The amount of activity people can do

Other factors:
* Elite performers i.e. Olympians are more likely to come from higher SE groups
* Certain sports are still percieved as being upper and lower class

A primary focus of Sport England is to increase participation in lower SE gorups. UK Sport and NGB’s are also trying to address the issue, e.g. chance to shine cricket

Question 3

Why does social class effect participation in sport in the 21st century?

Answer 3

People from lower SE groups are
* less likely to participate in sport due to having less free time and money
* less likely to be members of an organised club as they cant afford;
~ equipment
~ fees
~ transport
or have less access to high quality;
~ facilities
~ coaching
~ competition
* There are fewer successful rolemodels from lower SE groups

Question 4

How has law and order effected sport in the 21st century?

Answer 4

Law and order has a greater influence on sport in the 21st century.

• Player violence can be dealt with via court proceeding - e.g. Duncan Ferguson prosecuted and given a 3 month sentence
• Coaches and officails have a “duty of care” to players - e.g. rugby ref sued for failing to manage the scrum
• Event organisers have a “duty of care” to spectators - e.g. the hillsborough disaster “The Taylor Report 1989”
• Laws to address deviance - e.g. PED’s
• Equality laws address discrimination - e.g. Eva Carniero
• Banning orders - ban a spectator from certain stadiums and certain countries
• CAS - Court of Arbitration for Sport - 1981 - e.g. Russia vs IOC and WADA

Question 5

How does education effect sport in the 21st century?

Answer 5

• P.E. is now a compulsory part of the curriculum - 2hrs/week
• National curriculum ensures a broad range of activites
• Provision of extra-curricular clubs and fixtures
• School-club links - coaches come in players go out
• Opportunites for qualifications
• Specialist schools and collages

Question 6

How does the availability of time and money effect sport in the 21st century?

Answer 6

• More leisure time
• Decreased working hours
• Increased flexability of shifts
• More automation