Sport in post 1850 industrial Britain Flashcards
How did social class impact sport in post 1850 industrial Britain?
Social class determined opportunity and the type of activity
Social class affected:
* Time
* Money
* Transport
How many classes were there in post 1850 industrial Britain, what are they?
Three.
- Upper class
- Middle class
- Lower class
Middle class emerges in post 1850 industrial Britain
How did post 1850 industrial Britain effect lower class sport?
Lower classes had less opportunity than in pre-industrial Britain, this was due to:
* an increase in working hours
* participation hampered by ill health
Activities were still reflective of social class
Ill health caused by working in factories and poor living conditions
How did post 1850 industrial Britain effect middle class sport
- Middle class had a greater opportunity for sport than the lower class
- The middle class had more time and money than the lower class, this lead to the creation of sports such as golf
- The middle class supported lower class sport later on
How did the middle class support lower class sport in post 1850 pre-industrial Britain?
- Days off - half day saturday
- Establishment of factory teams
- Work outings
- Swimming baths
- Decreased working hours from 72hrs to 52hrs for working class
- Broken -time payments
~ advent of professionalism
~payment of working players to compensate them for time spent training and not working
How did post 1850 Britain effect upper class sport?
The upper classes could now travel more easily to play sport
How did gender effect sport in post 1850 industrial Britain?
- Limited opportunities for women
- Expected behaviour for women e.g. dress codes
~ women were supposed to be uncompetitive
~ womens sport involved little physical exertion
However cycling did become an option
How does law and order effect sport in post 1850 industrial Britain?
There was an increase in law and order
* Establishment of a formal police force
* Decline in violent/ blood sports (RSPCA)
* Increase in codified rules
* Control of gambling
The middle class allowed thier sports to continue e.g. fox hunting
How does education and literacy effect sport in post 1850 industrial Britain?
- Access to education still fairly limited
- Upper class - games lots of opportunity
- Lower class - limited opportunity
- 1891 - education act - everyone goes to school
How does the availability of time effect sport in post 1850 industrial Britain?
- Reduction in working week - 72hr to 56 hr week
- Saturday half day
Therefore more opportunity, therefore more participation.
How does the availability of money effect sport in post 1850 industrial Britain?
Only a significant change in the middle class, the middle class now has more money to afford equipment
How does availability of transport effect sport in post 1850 industrial Britain?
- Establishment of national rail network
- Access to national parks and coastal areas
- Spectatorship increases
- Sea travel -> international fixtures -> globalisation
What four factors come under the role of public schools in post 1850 industrial Britain
- Promotion of sport
- Role of former public school pupils
- The values held by the public schools
- Cult of athletisism
Explain how public schools promoted sport in post 1850 industrial Britain
Public school sport was:
* Organised - regular fixtures
~ interhouse
~ other schools
* Structured
~ specialised equipment
~ specialist playing areas
* Competitive
* Highly codified rules
* Team games
Explain the role of former pupils in sport in post 1850 industrial Britain
Former pupils helped spread the games through:
* Clergy
* Industrialists
* Soldiers
* School headmasters
* “old boy” teams
Former student established national governing bodies and competitions e.g. establishment of the FA cup
Former pupils codifed rules
