Sport and Society: Ethics and Deviance Flashcards
Define sportsmanship
conforming to the written and unwritten rules of the sport. The unwritten rules tend to be the spirit of the game e.g. kicking the ball out if a player is injured.
Define gamesmanship
Gamesmanship – where you use whatever means you can to overcome your opponent, which includes playing outside of the unwritten rules e.g. shirt pulling in football.
Define the Lombardian Ethic
Winning at all costs
Define deviance
any behaviour, which differs from the perceived social, legal or sporting norm.
Define relative deviance
Actions which are considered acceptable in sport but wouldn’t be in society. Seen in rugby when raking an opponent who is on top of the ball.
Define absolute deviance
Actions which are considered unacceptable both within sport and outside of sport
Define positive deviance
Positive deviance is moving away from the norm without an intention to do harm or
break the rules.
Define negative deviance
Negative deviance occurs when a player, manager, spectator or anyone involved behaves in a way that knowingly breaks the rules or ethics of the sport.
Identify 3 causes of deviance
- Individuals lack the moral restraint to resist.
- Individuals value wining ahead of prospect of punishment.
- Rewards for winning are so great that people are prepared to risk it.
- Deviant behaviour is more common so less socially unacceptable.
- Governing bodies feel less able to punish, owing to commercial interests or fear
of being taken to court.
Define hooliganism
violent or rowdy behaviour by troublemakers, typically in a gang.
Identify 3 causes of hooliganism
- Importance of the event
- Tribalism
- Alcohol
- Group mentality
Identify 3 types of PEDs
Steroids
Stimulants
Duiretic
Narcotic
EPO
Beta Blockers
Identify 2 ways that sport has attempted to combat PEDs
Testing
Biological passports
