Skill Acquisition: Theories of Learning

Question 1

Operant conditioning involves learning through….

Answer 1

Trial and error

Question 2

What does ‘shaping’ mean in operant conditioning?

Answer 2

Changing the environment to allow for success and failure

Question 3

What 3 process does operant conditioning involve?

Answer 3

1. Positive reinforcement
2. Negative reinforcement
3. Punishment

Question 4

Operant conditioning: What is positive reinforcement?

Answer 4

Giving praise when the correct response is given

Question 5

Operant conditioning: What is the purpose of positive reinforcement?

Answer 5

To strengthen the SR bond and encourage repitition

Question 6

Operant conditioning: What is the purpose of positive reinforcement?

Answer 6

Ton strengthen the SR bon and encourage repetition

Question 7

Operant conditioning: What is negative reinforcement

Answer 7

The removal of a negative stimulus once the correct response is given

Question 8

Operant conditioning: What is the purpose of negative reinforcement?

Answer 8

To strengthen the SR bond and encourage repetition

Question 9

Operant conditioning: What is punishment

Answer 9

Given when the incorrect response is given

Question 10

Operant conditioning: What is the purpose of punishment?

Answer 10

To weaken the SR bond and encourage a change in behaviour

Question 11

Outline the 6 stages of Bandura’s Observational Learning Theory

Answer 11

1. Demonstration
2. Attention
3. Retention
4. Motor re-production
5. Motivation
6. Matching performance

Question 12

Bandura’s Observational Learning Theory: Define demonstration

Answer 12

Performer will observe an image of the movement

Question 13

Bandura’s Observational Learning Theory: How can a demonstration be made more effective?

Answer 13

If the demonstration is perfect

Question 14

Bandura’s Observational Learning Theory:
Define attention

Answer 14

The performer focuses on key cues

Question 15

Bandura’s Observational Learning Theory:
How can attention be made more effective?

Answer 15

If delivered by a role model

Question 16

Bandura’s Observational Learning Theory:
Define retention

Answer 16

The performer stores information in the long term memory

Question 17

Bandura’s Observational Learning Theory:
How can retention be made more effective?

Answer 17

By using key cues to make information relevant and meaningful

Question 18

Bandura’s Observational Learning Theory:
Define motor re-production

Answer 18

Performer having the physical capability to perform a task or action

Question 19

Bandura’s Observational Learning Theory:
How can motor re-production be made more effective?

Answer 19

Breaking the skill or movement down into sub-routines

Question 20

Bandura’s Observational Learning Theory:
Define motivation

Answer 20

The performer has the drive to complete a task

Question 21

Bandura’s Observational Learning Theory:
How can motivation be made more effective?

Answer 21

If the coach gives tangible and intangible rewards