Sponges And Stingers Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Invertebrates representation in Kingdom Animalia

A

> 95% of known animal species
34 of 35 phyla of animals
Great diversity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Five Major Phyla of Metazoa

A
  1. Porifera
  2. Radiata
  3. Lophotrochozoa
  4. Ecydsozoa
  5. Deuterostomia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sponges fall under

A

Porifera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Eumetazoa divides Metazoa into

A

-Radiata
-Bilateria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bilateria is further divided into

A

-Deuterostomia
-Lophotrochozoa
-Ecysozoa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The word “Parazoa” means

A

Para = to lie beside
Zoa = animal life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Parazoa includes

A

Porifera (sponges)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Porifera means

A

Body containing lots of spores (ie. sponges)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

6 key features of the sponges are

A

-Multicellular but lack true tissue
-simple and ancient
-sessile (motile in larvae stage)
-filter/suspension feeders
-asexual and sexual
-variation in size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Porifera body structure includes

A

-loose federation of cells in a gelatinous matrix
-no true digestive system —> have a pore-lined cavity within the internal chamber that pumps water through the skin and out the top

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Spongocoel

A

Internal chamber of sponges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

All organization of sponges occurs at the

A

Cellular level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Choanocytes

A

Feeding cells that line the Spongocoel
Also links animals and Choanoflagellates with common ancestor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Eumetazoa

A

“True animals” separated into clades (Radiata and Bilateria) based on body symmetry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Radial Symmetry

A

-can cut down any line of organism and would have equal parts
-Oral and Aboral ends

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Bilateria Symmetry

A

-can only cut along dorsoventral plane to get symmetry
-locomotive advantage
-Anterior and Posterior ends
-Dorsal and Ventral sides

17
Q

Cnidarians

A

“Nettle animals” ie. animals that sting in some capacity

18
Q

Radiata includes the phylum

A

Cnidarian

19
Q

Cnidarians can be further subdivided into 4 clades:

A

-Hydrozoa
-Scyphozoa (jellyfish)
-Cubozoa (box jellyfish)
-Anthozoa (corals and anemones)

20
Q

Cnidarians possess: (3)

A

-true tissues
-radial symmetry
-two cellular layers

21
Q

Diploblastic

A

Two cellular layers:
-Ectoderm (epidermis)
-Endoderm (gastrodermis)

22
Q

Two types of Cnidarian forms are

A

-polyp
-medusa

23
Q

Main difference between polyp and medusa

A

Polyp is attached to substrate, Medusa can move

24
Q

Gastrovascular Cavity

A

Single sac surrounded by tentacles used for feeding, respiration, and waste elimination

25
Q

Radiatas lack a

A

Head/brain and muscle tissues

26
Q

Cnidocytes

A

Stinging cells that line the tentacles

27
Q

Cnidarians are the only phylum where

A

All species are venomous predators

28
Q

Polyp Dominant

A

Hydrozoans

29
Q

Medusa Dominant

A

Jellyfish (Scyphozoa)

30
Q

Cube-shaped Medusa

A

Box Jellyfish (Cubozoa)

31
Q

Sessile Polyps

A

Corals and Anemones (Anthozoa)

32
Q

Hydrazoans were used as a model for

A

Development and Regeneration

33
Q

Box Jellyfish is

A

-highly venomous
-ambush predator
-lethal to humans
-responsive to light and stimuli

34
Q

Corals can be subdivided into

A

-hard corals
-soft corals

35
Q

Nematocysts

A

Work with Cnidocytes to sting prey