Sponges And Stingers Flashcards
Invertebrates representation in Kingdom Animalia
> 95% of known animal species
34 of 35 phyla of animals
Great diversity
Five Major Phyla of Metazoa
- Porifera
- Radiata
- Lophotrochozoa
- Ecydsozoa
- Deuterostomia
Sponges fall under
Porifera
Eumetazoa divides Metazoa into
-Radiata
-Bilateria
Bilateria is further divided into
-Deuterostomia
-Lophotrochozoa
-Ecysozoa
The word “Parazoa” means
Para = to lie beside
Zoa = animal life
Parazoa includes
Porifera (sponges)
Porifera means
Body containing lots of spores (ie. sponges)
6 key features of the sponges are
-Multicellular but lack true tissue
-simple and ancient
-sessile (motile in larvae stage)
-filter/suspension feeders
-asexual and sexual
-variation in size
Porifera body structure includes
-loose federation of cells in a gelatinous matrix
-no true digestive system —> have a pore-lined cavity within the internal chamber that pumps water through the skin and out the top
Spongocoel
Internal chamber of sponges
All organization of sponges occurs at the
Cellular level
Choanocytes
Feeding cells that line the Spongocoel
Also links animals and Choanoflagellates with common ancestor
Eumetazoa
“True animals” separated into clades (Radiata and Bilateria) based on body symmetry
Radial Symmetry
-can cut down any line of organism and would have equal parts
-Oral and Aboral ends
Bilateria Symmetry
-can only cut along dorsoventral plane to get symmetry
-locomotive advantage
-Anterior and Posterior ends
-Dorsal and Ventral sides
Cnidarians
“Nettle animals” ie. animals that sting in some capacity
Radiata includes the phylum
Cnidarian
Cnidarians can be further subdivided into 4 clades:
-Hydrozoa
-Scyphozoa (jellyfish)
-Cubozoa (box jellyfish)
-Anthozoa (corals and anemones)
Cnidarians possess: (3)
-true tissues
-radial symmetry
-two cellular layers
Diploblastic
Two cellular layers:
-Ectoderm (epidermis)
-Endoderm (gastrodermis)
Two types of Cnidarian forms are
-polyp
-medusa
Main difference between polyp and medusa
Polyp is attached to substrate, Medusa can move
Gastrovascular Cavity
Single sac surrounded by tentacles used for feeding, respiration, and waste elimination
