spondylolysis

Question 1

what is the location of spondylolysis that will be stressed in spinal II?

Answer 1

a separation along the pars interarticularis (defect in the pars interarticularis or pars defect)

Question 2

what is the incidence of spondylolysis in the general population?

Answer 2

a range of 2.6% to 10%

Question 3

what is the geographic or ethnic bias for a higher incidence of spondylolysis?

Answer 3

native Alaskan (Inuit) population

Question 4

what does lumbar spondylolysis appear to be related to?

Answer 4

uniquely human upright stance or erect position

Question 5

lumbar spondylolysis is associated with what characteristics?

Answer 5

familial association, spina bifida occulta, racial/ethnic disparities, gender and locational bias, youthful incidence and activities requiring repetitive stress on the spine

Question 6

what is the age range typically associated with lumbar spondylolysis?

Answer 6

10-20 year olds

Question 7

what activities are particularly stressful at the pars interarticularis of lumbar vertebrae?

Answer 7

gymnastics, dance, soccer

Question 8

what fills the space in a lumbar spondylolysis?

Answer 8

fibrocartilagenous material

Question 9

what name has given to the material filling the space in a lumbar spondylolysis?

Answer 9

spondylolysis ligament

Question 10

what type of neural functions have been associated with the spondylolysis ligament?

Answer 10

nociception, neuromodulation and autonomic function

Question 11

what is the appearance of the lumbar vertebra upon oblique x-ray view?

Answer 11

Scotty dog

Question 12

what is the appearance of a spondylolysis in a lumbar vertebra upon oblique x-ray view?

Answer 12

collared Scotty dog

Question 13

in an oblique x-ray, spondylolysis below the superior articular process of a lumbar pars interarticularis is associated with what part of the Scotty dog?

Answer 13

the neck of the Scotty dog

Question 14

what part of a lumbar vertebra forms the eye of a Scotty dog?

Answer 14

pedicle

Question 15

what part of a lumbar vertebra forms the ear of a Scotty dog?

Answer 15

superior articular process

Question 16

what part of a lumbar vertebra forms the nose of a Scotty dog?

Answer 16

transverse process

Question 17

what characteristics are associated with cervical spondylolysis?

Answer 17

rare, congenital, gender biased toward men, most common at C6 and linked to spondylolisthesis and spina bifida

Question 18

what characteristics are associated with sacral spondylolysis?

Answer 18

rare in the general population, within typical percents in the native Alaskan (Inuit) population, seems to be acquired, gender biased toward men, most common at S1 and linked to activities such as kayaking and harpooning