Spine Muscles

Question 1

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 1

o: manubrium (sternal head), medial clavicle (clavicular head)
i: mastoid process of the skull
action: cervical flexion, lateral flexion, contralateral rotation
position: supine

Question 2

Longus Colli

Answer 2

o: anterior bodies and transverse processes of C3 to T3
i: anterior arch C1, anterior bodies of C2 to C6
action: cervical flexion
position: supine

Question 3

Erector Spinae

Answer 3

borders:
- medial border - spinalis
- middle border - longissimus
- lateral border - iliocostalis
action: trunk extension, cervical extension, laterally flexes trunk, depresses 12th rib
position: prone

Question 4

Rectus abdominis

Answer 4

o: pubis
i: xiphoid process, costal cartilage of ribs 5 to 7
action: trunk flexion, trunk lateral flexion
position: supine

Question 5

Internal Oblique

Answer 5

o: inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
i: 10th, 11th and 12th ribs, abdominal aponeurosis
action: trunk flexion, lateral flexion, ipsilateral trunk rotation
position: supine

Question 6

External oblique

Answer 6

o: pubis, iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis
i: lower 8 ribs
action: trunk flexion, lateral flexion, contralateral rotation
position: supine

Question 7

Quadratus Lomborum

Answer 7

o: posterior iliac crest
i: 12th rib and transverse processes of L1 to L4
action: elevaates pelvis, extends trunk, laterally flexes trunk, depresses 12th rib
position: prone

Question 8

Scalenes

Answer 8

o: transverse processes of C2 to C7
i: scalene tubercle and superior surface of 1st rib, external surface of 2nd rib
action: - lifts first 2 ribs up to increase space of thoracic cage during inspiration during intense exercise
- flexion of the neck
- lateral flexion of the neck
- ipsilateral rotators of the cervical spine
position: supine