Lower Limb Muscles

Question 1

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Answer 1

o: ASIS, anterior iliac crest
i: iliotibial band -> anterolateral aspect of the tibia condyle
in: superior gluteal nerve
action: hip abduction, flexion, internal rotation
position: supine

Question 2

Sartorius

Answer 2

o: ASIS
i: below the medial tibial condyle
in: obturator nerve
action: hip flexion, knee flexion, internal hip rotation
position: supine

Question 3

Glut Max

Answer 3

o: posterior iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx
i: iliotibial band -> gluteal tuberosity of the femur
in: inferior gluteal nerve
action: hip extension, assists in lateral rotation of hip,
position: prone

Question 4

Glut Med

Answer 4

o: just below the iliac crest
i: greater trochanter (posterior medial)
in: superior gluteal nerve
action: hip abduction, assists in rotation of hip
position: side lying

Question 5

Adductor Longus

Answer 5

o: pubis
i: middle one-third of the linea aspera
in: obturator nerve
action: hip adduction, medial rotation of hip
position: supine

Question 6

Gracillis

Answer 6

o: pubis
i: pes anserine -> medial tibial condyle
in: obturator nerve
action: hip adduction and flexion, knee flexion
position: supine

Question 7

Rectus Femoris

Answer 7

o: AIIS, acetabulum
i: rec fem tendon -> superior border of patella -> tibial tuberosity
in: femoral nerve
action: hip flexion, knee extension
position: supine

Question 8

Vastus Medialis

Answer 8

o: medial linea aspera, medial supracondylar ridge on femur, intertrochanteric line
i: rec fem tendon -> medial border of patella -> tibial tuberosity
in: femoral nerve
action: knee extension
position: supine

Question 9

Vastus Lateralis

Answer 9

o: upper half of linea aspera, greater troch, intertrochanteric line
i: tendon of rec fem -> lateral border of patella -> tibial tuberosity
in: femoral nerve
action: knee extension
position: supine

Question 10

Semitendinosus

Answer 10

o: lower medial facet of ischial tuberosity
i: pes anserine -> medial tibial condyle
in: tibial nerve
action: hip extension, knee flexion
position: prone

Question 11

Biceps Femoris

Answer 11

o: lower half of linea aspera, lower medial facet of ischial tuberosity
i: head of fibula
in: tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve
action: extend hip, flex knee
position: prone

Question 12

Gastrocnemius

Answer 12

o: lateral and medial femoral condyles
i: achilles tendon -> calcaneal tuberosity
in: tibial nerve
action: plantarflex foot, flex knee
position: prone

Question 13

Tibialis Anterior

Answer 13

o: lateral upper two-thirds of the lateral tibia, interosseus membrane
i: cross over to medial cuneiform, base of 1st metatarsal
in: deep fibular nerve
action: plantarflexion, invertion of ankle
position: supine

Question 14

Extensor digitorum longus

Answer 14

o: upper two-thirds of lateral fibula, interosseous membrane, lateral tibial condyle
i: tendons -> distal phalanxes of 2nd to 5th toes (dorsal)
in: deep fibular nerves
action: ankle dorsiflexion, toe extension
position: supine

Question 15

extensor hallucis longus

Answer 15

o: middle half of anterior fibula, interosseous membrane
i: tendon -> distal phalanx of great toe
in: deep fibular nerve
action: extends the great toe, ankle dorsiflexion
position: supine

Question 16

peroneus brevis

Answer 16

o: lower two-thirds of the lateral fibula
i: crosses behind the lateral malleolus -> lateral base of the 5th metatarsal
in: superficial fibular nerve
action: foot eversion, ankle plantarflexor
position: supine

Question 17

peroneus longus

Answer 17

o: lateral tibial condyle, fibular head, upper two-thirds of lateral fibula
i: cross behind the lateral malleolus -> medial cuneiform, base of 1st metatarsal
in: superficial fibular nerve
action: ankle everter, weak dorsiflexor
position: supine

Question 18

soleus

Answer 18

o: soleal line of tibia, posterior surface of upper fibula
i: achilles tendon -> calcaneal tuberosity
in: tibial nerve
action: plantarflex ankle
position: prone

Question 19

tibialis posterior

Answer 19

o: upper half of postero-lateral tibia, upper half of posterior fibula
i: tubercle of navicular, plantar medial cuneiform, base of 2nd to 4th metatarsals
in: tibial nerve
action: plantarflexion, inversion of ankle
position: supine

Question 20

flexor digitorum longus

Answer 20

o: posteromedial tibia
i: wraps behind medial malleolus -> distal phalanxes of 2nd to 5th toes
in: tibial nerve
action: flex toes, plantarflex ankle
position: prone

Question 21

flexor hallucis longus

Answer 21

o: lower two-thirds of posterior fibula
i: distal phalanx of great toe
in: tibial nerve
action: plantarflex ankle, flex great toe
position: prone