Lower Leg Flashcards
What muscles are in the posterior compartment of the leg? (6)
- gastrocnemius
- soleus
- tibialis posterior
- flexor digitorum longus
- flexor hallucis longus
- plantaris
- popliteus
What muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg? (4)
- tibialis anterior
- fibularis tertius
- extensor digitorum longus
- extensor hallucis longus
What muscles are in the lateral compartment of the lower leg? (2)
- Fibularis brevis
- Fibularis longus
What muscles are in the dorsal aspect of the foot? (3)
- extensor hallucis brevis
- extensor digitorum brevis
- dorsal interossei
What muscles are in the plantar intrisic aspect of the foot? (9)
- flexor digitorum brevis
- flexor hallucis brevis
- abductor digiti minimi
- flexor digiti minimi
- abductor hallucis
- adductor hallucis
- quadratus plantae
- lumbricals
- plantar interossei
what is the action, origin and insertion of tibialis anterior?
o: lateral condyle of tibia, interosseus membrane
i: proximal base of head of first metatarsal
action: dorsiflexion, foot inversion
what is the action, origin and insertion of extensor hallucis longus?
o: medial surface of fibula, interosseus membrane
i: dorsal aspect of distal phalanx of great toe
action: great toe extensor and ankle dorsiflexor
what is the action, origin and insertion of extensor digitorum longus?
o: lateral tibial condyle, 2/3rds of the proximal fibula, interosseus membrane
i: dorsal aspect of middle and distal phalanges of the little toes
action: ankle dorsiflexor, extensors of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th toes
what is the action, origin and insertion of fibularis tertius?
o: distal aspect of fibula, interosseus membrane
i: dorsal aspect of base of fifth metatarsal bone
action: ankle dorsiflexion, ankle eversion
what is the action, origin and insertion of tibialis posterior?
o: posterior tibial surface, posterior fibular surface, interosseus membrane
i: tuberosity of navicular, plantar aspects of bases of 2nd to 4th metatarsal bones
action: plantarflexion, foot inversion
what is the action, origin and insertion of flexor hallucis longus?
o: fibula, interosseus membrane
i: plantar aspect of the base of the distal phalanx of the great toe
action: flexes the great toe, plantarflexion
what is the action, origin and insertion of flexor digitorum longus?
o: posterior tibular surface
i: plantar aspects of the bases of the distal phalanges of the 2nd -> 5th toes
action: ankle plantarflexors, little toe flexors
what is the action, origin and insertion of popliteus?
o: groove for the popliteus muscle
i: posterior tibial surface
action: medially rotates knee to unlock it
what is the action, origin and insertion of gastrocnemius?
o: lateral + medial femoral condyles
i: achilles tendon -> calcaneous
action: ankle plantarflexion, knee flexion
what is the action, origin and insertion of soleus?
o: medial aspect of tibia and fibula
i: achilles tendon -> calcaneous
action: ankle plantarflexion
what is the action, origin and insertion of plantaris?
o: lateral supracondylar femoral line
i: achilles tendon -> calcaneous
action: assists in plantaflexion of ankle and knee flexion
what is the action, origin and insertion of fibularis brevis?
o: lateral fibular surface
i: tuberosity of 5th metatarsal bone
action: ankle plantarflexion, foot eversion
what is the action, origin and insertion of fibularis longus?
o: lateral fibular head
i: plantar surface of base of 1st metatarsal, medial cuneiform
action: ankle plantarflexion, foot everter
what is the action, origin and insertion of extensor hallucis brevis
o: dorsolateral aspect of calcaneous
i: dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of great toe
action: extend the great toe
what is the action, origin and insertion of extensor digitorum brevis
o: dorsolateral aspect of the calcaneous
i: dorsal aspect of the base of the middle phalanx of the 2nd -> 4th toes
action: extend the 2nd to 4th toes
what is the action, origin and insertion of dorsal interossei?
o: off the metatarsals
i: proximal phalanges
action: abduct toes away from midline and a slight flexion of toes
what is the action, origin and insertion of flexor digitorum brevis
o: calcaneal tuberosity
i: plantar aspects of bodies of middle phalanges of 2nd -> 5th toes
action: flex 2nd to 5th toes
what is the action, origin and insertion of flexor hallucis brevis
o: plantar surfaces of cubiod and lateral cuneiform bones
i: medial and lateral aspects of the base of the proximal phalanx of the big toe
action: flexes the big toe
what is the action, origin and insertion of abductor hallucis
o: medial process of calcaneal tuberosity
i: medial aspect of the base of the proximal phalanx of the great toe
action: abducts the big toe
