Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ravi Board/OITE Prep > Spine > Flashcards

Spine Flashcards

1
Q

uni vs bilateral facet dislocations

A

uni is 25% sublux; bL is 50%; more likely to have SC injury with bilat; uni has monoradiculopathy that improves with traction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

if intubated and facet dislocation

A

MRI first then reduction - need to check for herniated disk - this would require ant and post approach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

epidural abscess and neuro comrpomise - what is prognosis

A

with prompt decompression - only 18 % of pts with abscess recover; on 23% with paralysis recover

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

indications for surgery in epidural abscess

A

neuro sx; vertebral instability or deformity; no resolution after 6 wks IV abx; MRI showing>50% thecal sac compression; or depressed immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

hyperreflexia and surgery for myelopathy

A

not an absolute indiciation if all else is asympomatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

pedicle diametere t-spine

A

largest at T1 and T12; smalles at T4 -T6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

pedicle diameter T12 vs L1

A

T12 is bigger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

peds discitis timeline

A

loss of lordosis is first sign before any xray findings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

xray changes in peds discitis

A

diskc space narrowing at 1 week; endplate changes at 1-3weeks; sawtooth erosions at 4 weeks.; scalloping of endplates is with long standing infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

tx of peds spondy

A

if grade 4 (>50% slip) L4-Sacrum fuson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

C7 affected motor function

A

triceps; wrist flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

biceps weakness is what radiculopathy

A

C5 or C6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what structures are disrupted in facet dislocation

A

flexion-distraction injury - posterior structures are typically damaged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

fusion of C2

A

dens to body at 6years; tip of dens to rest of dens at 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

use of Halo vest

A

for upper C-spine injuries - to control rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

normal T-spine kyphosis

A

T20-T50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

hypoglossal nerve injury lateralality

A

if left side injured; tongue deviates to left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

def of brown-sequard injury

A

ipsilateral motor deficit; contralateral pain and sensory loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

steps for awake facet dislocation

A

if change in neuro status - closed reduce followed by MRI followed by surgery - mri helps determine approach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

PADI and recovery with atlantoaxial sublux

A

if PADI > 10mm then there is chance of recovery; > 13mm Is best chance for recovery; < 14 is reason to operate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

hallmarks of Anky Spondy

A

bilat sacroilitis; +/- uveitis; + HLA b27; typically has neg RF titer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

when to do pars repair vs fusion

A

if L4 or higher; L5 is fusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

sx of Juvenile Anky Spondy

A

Enthesitis; kyphosis; SI; stifness; LE inflammatory arthritis; decreased chest expansion and UVEITIS - NOT uretheritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what skeletal maturity system correlates with scoliosis progression

A

Tanner-Whitehouse RUS - use radius, ulnar epiphysis and 1-3-5 metacarpal epiphysis to determine skeletal age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what tracts are injured in central cord

A

latearl corticospinal tracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Atlanto-dens interval

A

normal is < 3mm in adults, < 5mm in kids; if > 7mm then concern for rupture tectorial membrane, transverse and alar ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

asymmetric abdominal reflexes

A

MRI for syrinx or tumor in kids - even if curve is small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

single rod tx

A

for thoracic kyphosis - can do anterior single rod; but higher rate of pseudo arthrosis if T5-T12 is > 40 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

if revising ACDF for non union whats the tx

A

PSF - has higher complications, more pain and EBL but still has HIGHER chance of fusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

steroids for sci

A

NOPE - no clear benefit; possible increased risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

PT for congen muscular torticolis

A

stretches - lateral tilt away from affected side; roll chin Towards affected side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

ASIA A vs B

A

A has no motor or sensory; B has sensory but no motor

33
Q

risk of adjacent segment disease in lumbar

A

age over 60; multi level fusion; ending at L1-3; or fusion with adjacent laminectomy

34
Q

components of TLICS scoreing

A

injury morphology (compression vs rotation vs distraction); neuro status; and PLL integrity

35
Q

mxn of lateral mass fracture separation

A

hyperextenson; lateral compression and rotation - C6 is most common -then 5; 7; 4; 3

36
Q

whats tspine curve needs MRI in AIS

A

LEFT CURVE - gets MRI

37
Q

risk of progression based AIS curve sizze

A

if > 25 deg before skeletal maturity; if > 50 T spine after maturity; if > 40 L-spine after maturity - both will progress at 1-2 deg per year

38
Q

safe zone for occiput screws

A

in a triangle made by 2cm lateral to EOP; 2cm inferior to EOP

39
Q

collagen type in discs

A

central is type 2; peripheral annulus is type 1

40
Q

burst with retropulsion - surgical tx

A

anterior decompression with strut graft

41
Q

risk of cervical laminoplasty

A

c5 palsy

42
Q

c spine in Klippel-Feil

A

fused c-spine at birth; limited neck motion

43
Q

tx of revision disc herniation

A

revision microdiscectomy

44
Q

accuracy of needle biopsy for discitis

A

70% but needed prior to empiric abx

45
Q

chance fracture assoc with

A

bowel injury

46
Q

what is chance frx

A

compresison anterior; distraction posterior

47
Q

approach for far lateral disc herniation

A

between multifidus and longissimus

48
Q

when can you brace

A

skeletally immature (risser 0-1-2) 25-40 deg

49
Q

measuring sagittal balance

A

center of C7 body plumb line and distance to post superior corner of S1

50
Q

when does jeffereson frx need surgery

A

if TAL is also out - needs c1-2 fusion

51
Q

before fixation of jeffersion frx you need

A

CT Angio

52
Q

role of SSEP

A

provide direct info about posterior columns; indirect about anterior columns and NO info on nerve roots

53
Q

tceMEP

A

provide info on anterior and lateral corticospinal motor tracts; spinal nerve roots; peripheral nerves; and plexus

54
Q

most common complicaiton after adult spinal deformity

A

instrumentation failure

55
Q

angle cut off for acdf vs psf for cspine stenosis

A

10 deg rigid kyphosis means go anterior

56
Q

rf for pseuodarthrosis in spine

A

smoking; kyphosis >20; positive sagittal balance > 5cm; pre existing hip OA, > 55 years, and thoracoabdominal approach

57
Q

tx for spont atlantoaxial rotatory instability

A

soft collar for 1 week; then halter traction and meds for 3 weeks; thenhalo traction; last is c1-2 fusion

58
Q

SCM in Atalnotaxial rotatory displacement vs congen torticolis

A

SCM is spastic on SAME side of chin in AARD vs opposite side in congenital torticolis

59
Q

spurling sign test

A

rotate head and tilt head to AFFECTED SIDE

60
Q

halo anterior pin placement

A

1cm above orbital rim on lateral two thirds

61
Q

most common complication of halo pins

A

loosening of pins

62
Q

mortality after VCF

A

at 2 years close to hip fractures

63
Q

tx of impending pars defect

A

bracing with LSO

64
Q

mc radic after Post cervical decompression

A

C5 motor radiculopathy presenting 4 hrs to 6 days post-op

65
Q

Ankyspody and THA risk is higher of

A

anterior dislocation - even with posterior approach

66
Q

peds epidural abscess - tx

A

straight to IV abx - no biopsy or aspiration needed in peds population

67
Q

fusion of anky spondy C-spine injuries

A

long construct bc of osteoporosis and stiff spine

68
Q

when can you establish SCI complete vs incomplete

A

only after BC reflex is BACK

69
Q

pelvic incidence equation

A

sum of tilt and slope

70
Q

what risser stage correlates with linear growth most

A

risser 0 coveres the first two thirds of pubertal growth spurt

71
Q

imaging for peds spondy if xrays are neg

A

SPECT scan for sondylolysis or pars defect

72
Q

risk factors for post-op tspine decompresison after lumbar surgery

A

age over 55; pre and post-op sagittal imbalance and smaller lordosis

73
Q

disc changes with age

A

less water; less large proteoglycans; incr KS to CS ratio; increase in neovascularization at annulus

74
Q

most common complication of thoracic endoscopic surgery

A

intercostal neuralgia

75
Q

non op tx of Scheuermans

A

if 50-74 deg can use extnsion brace or TLSO if apex is below T7

76
Q

non op of cervical myelopathy - what predicts better outcome

A

increased transverse cord area > 70mm2

77
Q

tspine disc herniation tx

A

if no neuro sx - PT; majority are between T8-12

78
Q

goals of adult spinal deformit

A

SVA to within 5cm of neutral, ensure pelvic tilt is < 20 deg; and lordosis is withint 9 deg of Pelvic incidence - amount of coronal correction does not correlate to outcomes

79
Q

c-spine facet orientation

A

superior facet is anterior to inferior; and beomce more posterolateral facing as you go down

Ravi Board/OITE Prep (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions