spine Flashcards
large vertebra body
lumber vertebra
bifid spinous process
cervical vertebra
Facets orientation 30-45 degrees
cervical vertebra
vertical oriented facet
thoracic vertebra
largest vertebral foramen
cervical vertebra
joints of Von Luscka
cervical vertebra
long posterior spinous process
thoracic vertebra
protection
thoracic vertebra
mobility
cervical vertebra
accepting weight load and transfer
lumber vertebra
what part of the spine is most stable
thoracic vertebra
vertical disc fibers
cervical vertebra
fryettes law one of coupled T/L motion
when the spine is in a neutral position side bending and rotation will occur in opposite directions
Fryettes law two of coupled T/L motion
when a spine is in a non-neutral positioning side bending and rotation will occur in the same directions
fryettes law 3 of coupled T/L motion
when motions of the spine are coupled, the first planer motion will be the strongest and they will progressively decrease as each additional motion is added on.
lumbar / thoracic facet in side flexion R
right closes and the left opens
lumber/thoracic facet in side flexion L
left closes and right opens
lumber/thoracic flexion
both open
lumber/thoracic extension
both close
lumber/thoracic rotation to the right
right opens/ left closes
lumber/thoracic rotation to the left
left opens/ right closes
cervical side flexion to the Right and rotation to the right
right closes, left opens
cervical side flexion and rotation to the left
left closes, right opens
cervical flexion
both open
cervical extension
both close
components of the discs
annulus fibrosus= resist torsion
Nucleus pulposus= water like and resists compression
anterior chain muscles of the spine
longus colli and psoas
posterior chain muscles of the spine
paraspinals, gluts, and hamstrings
the movers muscles of the spine
erector spine, rectus abdominus, obliques, glut max, hamstrings
the stabilizers of the spine
multifidus, rotators, pelvic floor, diaphragm, Transverse abdominals
purpose of the pelvic ring
protection of the pelvic elements
Males generate more force through there pelvic because they have a greater surface area from the triangular shape of their sacrum
C1 on C2 function
-support the head on the spine
encases and protects neural elements
-allows for quick motions and -reflective balance and righting reactions
C1
has no vertebral body
C2
-Peg-like dens projects superiorly from the body into the ring of C1
-Dens is anterior superior to the spinal core and is where rotation of the head occurs
occipital-atlanto (OA) joint
altas (C1) and the occipital condyles; where nodding of the head occurs
Atanto-Axial (AA) joint
3 total articulations
- inferior and superior facets of C1 and C2
- dens and anterior arch in the middle
- where head roation occurs
tectorial membrane
continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament, passes over AA and attaches to the floor of the cranial cavity
alar ligament
V shape ligament that connects the Dens to the occiput
cruciate ligament of the atlas
band aid over the dens and connects dens to C1
head forward position
with every inch the head moves forward is equivalent to an extra 100% of the weight of the head
the thoracic spine rule
T1-T3- same level
T4-T6- 1/2 level below
T-T9- Full level below
T10- Full level below
T11- 1/2 a level below
T12- same level
posterior longitudial ligament
-posterior to vertebra and discs inside of the spinal canal
-becomes thin and weak across the lower lumber segments
biomechanically associated with increased disc herniation at L4 and L%
spinal segment
the adjacent halves of two vertebra, the disc, contents of the vertebral and intervertebral foramen, the facets, associated ligaments, and associated muscle, fascia, and integument innervated by the spinal nerve
