SpinalBioMech Quiz 3 Lec 8 Flashcards
______: neuron in the anterior (venteral) horn of the SC
Motor unit
_____ unit: innervates muscle fibers
motor unit
_______ of a muscle is the result of many motor units firing asynchronously & repeatedly
contraction
the _____ of contration is dependant on the number of motor units firing
magnitude
the magnitude of muscle contraction is dependant on ______
the number of motor units firing
Contraction of a muscle is the result of many motor units firing ____
asynchonously
_____ : muscle shortens
concentric
a concentric contraction is a class ___ lever
3
concentric muscle is the ____ force
effort
______ muscle shortens, ___ class lever, muscle is the ___ force
concentrict muscle shortens 3rd class lever muscle is the effort force
__ contraction the muscle lengthens
eccentric
eccentric contractions are a _____ class lever
2nd
Eccentric muscle is the ____ force
resistance
_____ contraction is when the length of the muscle doesnt change
isometric
during isometric contractions there is a equilibrium btw ____ & ___
effort and resistance force
Fascia is sheaths of _____
CT
____ fascia is directly under the skin
superficial
superficial fascia allows the skin to ___
move
deep fascia attaches _____
muscle to bone & other CT
deep fascia forms (3) things
- tracts
- bands
- retinacula
Fascial planes are ____ throughout the body
interconnected
_____ muscle tension is noncontractile
passive
Passive muscle tension - noncontractile; created by _____
lengthening the muscle beyond the slack length
___ muscle tension is contractile
active
active muscle tension is created by ____ formation
cross bridge
total muscle tension is a combo of __ & __ tension
active and passive
total tension is developed during ____ contraction
active
combo of passive and active
Agonist is the ____ mover
primary
_____ is the primary mover, produces the desired action
agonist
during muscle movement _____ produces the desired action
agonist
_______: is the muscle opp the agonist
antagonist
____ do not resist the desired motion but have the potential to do so
antagonist
antagonist do not ___ the desired ____ but have the ability to do so
resist, motion
__: muscle that assist the agonist
synergist
synergist assist the ____ muscle
agonist
______ muscles : hyperactive & tight usually due to overuse
shortened
shortened muscles are _____ & tight, usually due to overuse
hyperactive
shortened muscles are hyperactive and tight usually due to ____
overuse
____ muscles are inhibited and lengthened
long
Long muscles are ____& ____
inhibited and lengthened
antagonist of a tight muscle
long muscles are usually ____ of a tight muscle
anatagonist
an imbalance of shortened and long muscle may result in faulty _____ patterns and lead to joint ____
movement patterns
dysfunction
____ technique assesses muscle length and strength
Janda
any event that disturbs the normal function of a specific joint structure will set up a chain of event that eventually _____
affects every part of the joint and surrounding structures
_____ is the most damaging to muscle tissue
immobilization
immobilization can lead to _____ & surrounding structures to _____
joint capsule to shorten (contract)
joint capsulse and surrounding structures shorten during ____ treatment
immobilization
_____ lose collagen and cross linking ability & strength during immobiliazation
ligaments and tendons
ligaments and tendons lose ____ during immobilization
loss collagen & cross linking ability
During immobilization may lose up to __% of strength after 8 weeks
50%
full recovery after immobilization may take up to ____ months
18
_____ develops fibrofatty tissue adhesions , cartilage atrophy, osteoporosis, increased water intake and decreased proteoglycans during immobilization
articular surface
articular surface may develop _(6)_____ conditions during immobilization
- fibrofatty tis
- adhesions
- cartilage atrophy
- osteoporosis
- increase water intake
- decrease proteoglycans
immobilizing a muscle into the ___ position is the worst
shortened
immobilizing in the short position can increase the development of _____ , loss of ___ & ____
development of CT, loss of mass & atrophy
immobilization in the lengthened position allows for _____ recovery
easier
Repetitive stress injury: the joint structures are thought to fail due to ______
lack of adequate recovery time btw loads
lack of adequate recovery time btw loads can cause a ____ injury
repetitive stress
even is loads are within the normal loading range for the tissue _____ injuries can occur
repetative stress injuries
repetituve strain and deformity can lead to ____ of the structure
failure
repetitive stress injuries are more common in male or female
females
