Spinal Orthoses Flashcards
What are the 4 types of spinal orthoses?
- cervical orthosis (CO)
- cervical, thoracic, lumbosacral orthosis (CTLSO)
- thoracic, lumbosacral orthosis (TLSO)
- lumbosacral orthosis (LSO)
What are the 7 types of cervical orthoses?
- soft cervical collar
- semi-rigid collar
- rigid collar
When are soft cervical collars typically used?
for mild soft tissue strains and sprains more so as a kinesthetic reminder than a protective mechanism
What are types of semi-rigid cervical collars?
- Philadelphia
- Miami J
- Aspen
- Malibu
What type of injuries are semi-rigid orthoses used for?
- stable fractures
- ligamentous injury
Describe a few features of the semi-rigid cervical orthoses design
- provide access to the trachea
- moderate control of ROM
- serve as a kinesthetic reminder
- adjustable
In what type of injuries is a Miami J thoracic extension brace used?
- lower and upper c-spine disruptions
- level one instabilities
- isolated compartment fracture
- lateral mass fracture
- spinous Process fracture
- stable Jefferson or Hangman’s Fracture
- type I (stable incomplete fracture) odontoid fracture
What are 3 types of rigid orthoses?
- Sternal Occipital Mandibular Immobilizer (SOMI)
- Chelsea
- Halo
In what type of injuries is a SOMI brace used?
- stable fractures
- moderate to severe soft tissue damage
The SOMI orthoses limits what neck motions?
flexion and extension
In what type of injuries is a Chelsea brace used?
- stable fractures anywhere from C1-T1
- severe soft tissue damage
The Chelsea orthoses limits what neck motions?
Flexion, Extension, Rotation, and Sidebending
How does the design of the Chelsea brace provide greater control over all cervical levels?
It extends inferior into the thoracic region
When are Halo orthoses typically used?
in unstable fractures
The Halo limits what neck motions?
all motion
How does the design of the Halo brace provide greater control over all cervical levels?
It extends inferior into the thoracic region and screws directly into the skull
How is a scoliotic curve less than 30 degrees treated?
it is monitored until there are signs of progression
How is a scoliotic curve of 30-45 degrees treated?
orthopedic management (braces)
How is a scoliotic curve greater than 45 degrees treated?
surgical intervention
What is the traditional method for treating scoliosis?
cervical-thoracic-lumbar-sacral orthoses (CTLSO)
How does the CTLSO provide scoliotic treatment?
Uses 3 point pressure and kinesthetic reminders
It is recommended that a CTLSO be worn __ hours per day in order to be an effective scoliotic treatment
23
What is a name brand of a type of CTLSO?
Milwaukee Scoliosis CTLSO
What type of brace is used to treat low profile scoliosis?
TLSO
What are 2 rigid TLSO brand names?
- Low Profile Milwaukee
- Boston TLSO
- Charleston Bending Orthosis
- Providence Orthosis
- Cheneau Brace
When is the Charleston Bending Orthosis worn?
only when sleeping
Semi-rigid TLSOs are used to treat what?
- Herniated Nucleus Pulposus
- moderate soft tissue strains and sprains
- moderate fractures
The semi-rigid TLSO is commonly referred to as a body jacket due to its function. Describe its major function
It increases intra-abdominal pressure
What are 2 brand names of semi-rigid TLSOs that are used to treat anterior compression fractures due to osteoporosis, trauma, and degeneration?
- Taylor
- Knight Taylor
What is the brand name of a soft design TLSOs that is used to treat anterior compression fractures due to osteoporosis, trauma, and degeneration?
Mother’s hug
What is a disadvantage to the Mother’s Hig?
respiration may be restricted
What are 2 types of TLSOs that are designed to promote trunk hyperextension thereby unloading the anterior column of the spine?
- Jewett
- CASH
The Jewett and CASH braces limit what spinal motion?
flexion
What are 2 brand names of LSOs?
- Knight “chair back” Orthosis
- Boston Overlap Orthosis
What are LSOs used to treat?
- Herniated Nucleus Pulposus,
- other mild to moderate soft tissue strains and sprains
*they increase intra-abdominal pressure
