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735: Orthotics and Prosthetics > Amputation > Flashcards

Amputation Flashcards

1
Q

__% of amputations are due to vascular disease

A

80

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2
Q

Males are _ times more likely to undergo amputation

A

9

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3
Q

What are the 2 most common types of lower extremity amputations?

A

1) transtibial

2) transfemoral

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4
Q

What is a Lisfranc amputation?

A

Amputation at the proximal end of the rays

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5
Q

In what age group do most foot amputations occur in? Why?

A

Younger children in an attempt to persevere the growth plate

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6
Q

What is a Syme’s amputation?

A

ankle disarticulation, removal of malleoli, & anchoring heel pad to the weight bearing surface

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7
Q

What are the benefits of a Syme’s amputation?

A
  • Distal Weight Bearing
  • Proprioception
  • Preservation of distal growth plate in children
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8
Q

In a transtibial amputation how long does the tibial need to be for optimal prosthetic fitting? Less than __ inches is not feasible for fitting.

A

5-7 inches

3.5

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9
Q

Describe the terms myodesis and myoplasty

A
  • Myodesis: suturing muscle to bone

- Myoplasty: suturing muscle to muscle

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10
Q

In regards to muscle function the higher the amputation the less ______ function

A

adductor

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11
Q

In what patient population are knee disarticulations performed?

A

in kids in attempt to preserve growth plate

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12
Q

Visually what is different in regards to prosthetic fit in a thru-knee amputation?

A

Knee joint is lower than anatomical knee

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13
Q

Describe the suction socket

A

provides suspension by means of negative pressure vacuuming most commonly in AK amputations

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14
Q

What are few requirements for patients who wish to use a suction socket?

A

Their residual limb must maintain a constant shape and size.

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15
Q

Myodesis is not recommended for _____ patients

A

ischemic

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16
Q

Which amputation technique is preferred for the myodesis technique?

A

transfemoral

17
Q

Does myodesis or myoplasty offer better stabilization?

A

myodesis

18
Q

When is the myoplasty preferred over the myodesis technique?

A

If patients have poor vascular health

19
Q

What are the most common cause of LE amputation in the US?

A

MVA

20
Q

When is the only time in which hip disarticulation or high-level LE amputation performed?

A

Following a traumatic injury in which life-saving emergency medical services and surgical intervention are pertinentt

21
Q

How many hemicorporectomy patients are alive today?

A

less than 24

22
Q

Describe a rotationplaty

A

There is partial amputation of the leg above the knee. The lower leg and foot are rotated 180 degrees, the length is adjusted, and the tibia is then fused to the proximal femur. The foot is positioned where the knee used to be, with the heel portion in front and the toes pointing back. The ankle now functions in place of the knee joint

23
Q

What is the optimal place for a transradial amputation?

A

junction between the proximal 2/3 and distal 1/3

24
Q

What is the shortest length of the radius allowed for a successful transradial amputation?

A

3 cm below the biceps insertion

25
Q

What is the optimal place for a transhumeral amputation?

A

in the middle third of the humerus

26
Q

What is the shortest length of the humerus allowed for a successful transhumeral amputation?

A

4 cm below the axillary fold

27
Q

What is the optimal place for a transfemoral amputation?

A

middle third of the femur

28
Q

What is the shortest length of the femur allowed for a successful transfemoral amputation?

A

8 cm below the pubic ramus

29
Q

What is the optimal place for a transtibial amputation?

A

8 cm for every meter of height

30
Q

What is the shortest length of the tibia allowed for a successful transtbial amputation?

A

7.5 cm below the knee joint

31
Q

What is a forequarter amputation?

A

Removal of the upper limb with the scapula

32
Q

What is the Krukenberg procedure?

A

conversion of a forearm stump into a pincer

33
Q

In patients who have undergone a Krukenberg procedure, what muscle do they use for grip strength?

A

pronater teres

34
Q

When is depression highest in post-amputee patients?

A

2 years following amputation

35
Q

The number of social connections are inversely related to mortality which is true moreso for ___ than ____.

A

men than women

735: Orthotics and Prosthetics (14 decks)

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