Amputation Flashcards
__% of amputations are due to vascular disease
80
Males are _ times more likely to undergo amputation
9
What are the 2 most common types of lower extremity amputations?
1) transtibial
2) transfemoral
What is a Lisfranc amputation?
Amputation at the proximal end of the rays
In what age group do most foot amputations occur in? Why?
Younger children in an attempt to persevere the growth plate
What is a Syme’s amputation?
ankle disarticulation, removal of malleoli, & anchoring heel pad to the weight bearing surface
What are the benefits of a Syme’s amputation?
- Distal Weight Bearing
- Proprioception
- Preservation of distal growth plate in children
In a transtibial amputation how long does the tibial need to be for optimal prosthetic fitting? Less than __ inches is not feasible for fitting.
5-7 inches
3.5
Describe the terms myodesis and myoplasty
- Myodesis: suturing muscle to bone
- Myoplasty: suturing muscle to muscle
In regards to muscle function the higher the amputation the less ______ function
adductor
In what patient population are knee disarticulations performed?
in kids in attempt to preserve growth plate
Visually what is different in regards to prosthetic fit in a thru-knee amputation?
Knee joint is lower than anatomical knee
Describe the suction socket
provides suspension by means of negative pressure vacuuming most commonly in AK amputations
What are few requirements for patients who wish to use a suction socket?
Their residual limb must maintain a constant shape and size.
Myodesis is not recommended for _____ patients
ischemic
Which amputation technique is preferred for the myodesis technique?
transfemoral
Does myodesis or myoplasty offer better stabilization?
myodesis
When is the myoplasty preferred over the myodesis technique?
If patients have poor vascular health
What are the most common cause of LE amputation in the US?
MVA
When is the only time in which hip disarticulation or high-level LE amputation performed?
Following a traumatic injury in which life-saving emergency medical services and surgical intervention are pertinentt
How many hemicorporectomy patients are alive today?
less than 24
Describe a rotationplaty
There is partial amputation of the leg above the knee. The lower leg and foot are rotated 180 degrees, the length is adjusted, and the tibia is then fused to the proximal femur. The foot is positioned where the knee used to be, with the heel portion in front and the toes pointing back. The ankle now functions in place of the knee joint
What is the optimal place for a transradial amputation?
junction between the proximal 2/3 and distal 1/3
What is the shortest length of the radius allowed for a successful transradial amputation?
3 cm below the biceps insertion
What is the optimal place for a transhumeral amputation?
in the middle third of the humerus
What is the shortest length of the humerus allowed for a successful transhumeral amputation?
4 cm below the axillary fold
What is the optimal place for a transfemoral amputation?
middle third of the femur
What is the shortest length of the femur allowed for a successful transfemoral amputation?
8 cm below the pubic ramus
What is the optimal place for a transtibial amputation?
8 cm for every meter of height
What is the shortest length of the tibia allowed for a successful transtbial amputation?
7.5 cm below the knee joint
What is a forequarter amputation?
Removal of the upper limb with the scapula
What is the Krukenberg procedure?
conversion of a forearm stump into a pincer
In patients who have undergone a Krukenberg procedure, what muscle do they use for grip strength?
pronater teres
When is depression highest in post-amputee patients?
2 years following amputation
The number of social connections are inversely related to mortality which is true moreso for ___ than ____.
men than women
