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CADE > Spinal Nerves and ANS > Flashcards

Spinal Nerves and ANS Flashcards

1
Q

CNS

A

Brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

Spinal cord

A

Neural tissue, shorter than vertebral column, ends at Lumbar section

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3
Q

Vertebral Column

A

Bone

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4
Q

PNS

A

Spinal nerves, Fibers

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5
Q

Fiber Types

A

Somatic and Visceral

Sensory and Motor

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6
Q

Somatic

A

Body wall (outside of trunk), Limbs

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7
Q

Visceral

A

Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands

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8
Q

Sensory

A

Brings sense in

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9
Q

Motor

A

Signals starts in CNS and goes out to visceral

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10
Q

Cervical Spinal Cord

A

8 cervical spinal cord levels in neck

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11
Q

Thoracic Spinal Cord

A

12 thoracic spinal cord levels in chest

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12
Q

Lumbar Spinal Cord

A

5 lumbar spinal cord levels in lower back

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13
Q

Sacral Spinal Cord

A

5 sacral spinal cord levels

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14
Q

Coccygeal Spinal cord

A

1 level

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15
Q

Spinal cord pairs

A

One pair associated with each level. Conveys information to and from

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16
Q

Spinal nerves

A

Names derived from the vertebrae between which they arise

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17
Q

Vertebral Column

A 
33 vertebrae arranged in 5 regions
7 Cervical
12 Thoracic
5 Lumbar
5 Sacral
4 Coccygeal
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18
Q

Intervertebral foramen

A

Where spinal nerves exit the vertebral column between adjacent vertebrae

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19
Q

Spinal Nerves

A

8 pairs of cervical spinal nerves
C1-7 spinal nerves named for vertebra inferior to their exit
The rest are named by vertebra superior to their exit

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20
Q

Conus medullaris

A

Tapered area where spinal cord narrows to, End at L1 Vertebral level

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21
Q

Cauda equina

A

The more caudal (lower) nerve roots which are longer and more vertical

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22
Q

Subarachnoid space

A

Where cauda equina is housed, widened area, lumbar cistern, site of lumbar puncture

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23
Q

Pia mater

A

Stabilize the spinal cord transversely and longitudinally,

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24
Q

Denticulate ligaments

A

Pia mater that stabilizes spinal cord transversely (side to side)

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25
Q

Filum terminale

A

Pia mater that stabilizes spinal cord from top to bottom

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26
Q

Dorsal root

A

Off dorsal horn, one set on each side of spinal cord level

27
Q

Dorsal root (spinal) Ganglion

A

Group of cell bodies out CNS, Swelling on dorsal root

28
Q

Ventral Root

A

Motor fibers, merges with dorsal root, less nerve fibers

29
Q

True spinal nerve

A

Nerve root, where ventral and dorsal roots converge

30
Q

Ventral Ramus

A

Ventral branch of nerves, can remain segmental (in trunk), or unite with other ventral rami to form a Plexus

31
Q

Dorsal Ramus

A

Dorsal branch of nerves, each will remain separate (segmental) throughout entire length of spinal cord, carries motor and sensory fibers

32
Q

Cervical plexus

A

(APR C1-C4) thousands of axons

33
Q

Brachial Plexus

A

(APR C5-T1) thousands of axons

34
Q

Dermatome

A

Strip of skin supplied by sensory branches of a dorsal and ventral rami from ONE spinal cord level

35
Q

Limb dermatome

A

fibers from a single spinal cord level in the limbs may be carried by several peripheral nerves arising from a plexus

36
Q

Cutaneous Innervation

A

Consists of an area of skin innervated by a peripheral nerve

37
Q

Myotome

A

Group of muscles innervated by a single spinal nerve

38
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

Somatic motor

Somatic sensory

39
Q

Visceral nervous system

A

Visceral motor (ANS)
Sympathetic- preganglionic (presynaptic), Postganglionic (postsynaptic)
Parasympaethic- preganglionic (presynaptic), postganglionic (postsynaptic)
Visceral sensory

40
Q

Motor Neuron

A

Efferent (from CNS to effector organ)

From lower motor neuron, out through ventral root, through true spinal nerve, out ventral or dorsal ramus

41
Q

Sensory Neuron

A

Afferent (from effector organ, sensory organ to CNS)

From dorsal ramus, true spinal nerve, extend through dorsal root, synapse in dorsal root, to associated neuron

42
Q

Visceral nervous system

A

Links CNS to a gland, internal organ or blood vessel

sensory or motor neurons

43
Q

Visceral motor

A

Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

44
Q

Preganglionic neuron

A

Somewhere in CNS. Send axon out. Can NOT innervate a smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, or gland. Only postganglionic neuron

45
Q

Postganglionic neuron

A

Innervate smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, or gland

46
Q

Autonomic ganglia

A

Have synapses

47
Q

Somatic ganglia

A

NO SYNAPSES

48
Q

Paravertebral Ganglia

A

Used only for synapses of the sympathetic division of the ANS
Innervate targets in body wall, limbs, thoracic viscera

49
Q

Sympathetic chain

A

Where synapse occurs for smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, thorax

50
Q

Prevertebral ganglia

A

In front of vertebral columb
Not in chain
Used only for synapses of the sympathetic divison of the ANS
Innervate targets in the abdomen and pelvis

51
Q

Intramural ganglia

A

terminal ganglia
Located close to, or within the wall of the effector organ
These are sites of parasympathetic synapse
Innervate targets in thorax, abdomen, and pelvis

52
Q

Preganaglionic sympathetic cell bodies

A

Only in the spinal cord

53
Q

intermediolateral grey horn (cell column)

A

T1-L2 Grey horn,
Starting point of all preganglionic sympathetic cell bodies
Thoracolumbar

54
Q

Sympathetic Division

A

From lateral horn, ventral root, true spinal nerve, exit at white ramus (exit ramp), then it synapse within sympathetic chain ganglia
Gray ramus is the on ramp back into true spinal nerve to go out dorsal or ventral ramus
Only white rami from in IML horn

55
Q

White rami

A

Only in IML from T1-L2 (off ramp)

input sympathetic innervation and are erstricted to T1-L2 where the sympathetic cell bodies are located

56
Q

Gray Rami

A

From skull to coccyx (on ramp)
Found at every vertebral level that exhibits a sympathetic ganglion
More gray than white

57
Q

preganglionic fiber

A

ascends or descends within symp. trunk to synapse in a sympathetic ganglion at a level other than that at which it entered the trunk

58
Q

Splanchnic nerve

A

goes from postganglionic nerve to internal organ

59
Q

Preganglionic fiber

A

passes through sympathetic ganglion via a splanchnic nerve to a prevertebral autonomic ganglion where it synapses

60
Q

Parasympathetic Division

A

Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands
localized in the nuclei of the brain stem and in spinal cord segments S2-4
craniosacral in distribution

61
Q

The preganglionic sympathetic fiber

A

travels out via cranial nerves (from the brain stem nuclei)

Synapses within intramural ganglions (vagus)

62
Q

Pelvic splanchnic nerve

A

S2-4 to internal organs within parasympathetic ganglions

63
Q

Visceral afferent

A

Sensory
Carry sensory information from viscera to CNS
Visceral afferents’ cell bodies are in spinal/dorsal root ganglion

64
Q

Visceral Afferents 2

A

Travel through splanchnic nerve. Send their axons from the viscera via the white rami communicans and travel up and down the sympathetic trunk prior to synapsing in the spinal cord

CADE (5 decks)

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