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MSA > Spinal Muscles > Flashcards

Spinal Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

what are the spinal movements
(3)

A

flexion, extension and rotation

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2
Q

what are the 3 groups of the erector spinae

A

iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

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3
Q

what are the 4 regions of the erector spinae

A

capitis, cervicis, thoracis, lumborum

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4
Q

what regions are in the iliocostalis muscle group

A

cervicis, thoracis, lumborum (bottom 3)

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5
Q

what regions are in the longissimus muscle group

A

capitis, cervicis, thoracis (top 3)

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6
Q

what regions are in the spinalis muscle group

A

capitis, cervicis, thoracis (top 3)

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7
Q

what are the 2 neck muscles

A

sternocleidomastoid and the scalenes (anterior, middle and posterior)

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8
Q

what connects to each end of the posterior scalenes

(ribs and vertebrae)

A

transverse processes of c5-c7
————–>
second rib

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9
Q

what connects to each end of the middle scalenes

(ribs and vertebrae)

A

transverse processes of c3-c7
—————->
first rib

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10
Q

what connects to each end of the anterior scalenes

(ribs and vertebrae)

A

transverse processes of c3-c6
—————>
first rib

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11
Q

ORIGIN of the external abdominal oblique

A

the anterior angles of the lower 8 ribs

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12
Q

INSERTION of the external abdominal oblique

A

outer anterior half of iliac crest, inguinal ligament, pubic tubercle and crest, aponeurosis anterior rectus sheath

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13
Q

ACTION of the external abdominal oblique

A

supports abdominal wall, assists forced expiration, aids raising intra-abdominal pressure and with muscles of opposite side, abducts and rotates trunk

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14
Q

INNVERVATION of the external abdominal oblique

A

anterior primary rami (t7-t12)

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15
Q

ORIGIN of the internal abdominal oblique

A

thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, superior iliac spine, half of inguinal ligament

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16
Q

INNERVATION of the internal abdominal oblique

A

intercostal nerve

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16
Q

ACTION of the internal abdominal oblique

A

lateral flexion and same-side rotation, bilateral flexion, abdominal bracing

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17
Q

where does the linea alba start and stop

A

xiphoid process
——–>
pubic symphysis
(anterior)

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18
Q

ORIGIN of the transverse abdominis

A

costal margin, lumbar fascia, anterior 2/3 of iliac crest, lateral half of inguinal ligament

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18
Q

where is the umbilical ring located

A

near the belly button region, just deep of the linea alba

19
Q

INSERTION of the transverse abdominis

A

aponeurosis of posterior and anterior rectus sheath, conjoint tendon to pubic crest

20
Q

ACTION of the transverse abdominis

A

supports abdominal wall, aids forced expiration, raising intra-abdominal pressure, conjoint tendon supports posterior wall of inguinal canal

primary stabilizer of the trunk

21
Q

INNERVATION of the transverse abdominis

A

anterior primary rami (t7-t12), conjoint tendon ilioinguinal nerve (l1)

22
Q

ORIGIN of the quadratus lumborum

A

iliac crest

23
Q

INSERTION of the quadratus lumborum

A

twelfth rib, costal process of l1-l4 vertebrae

24
Q

ACTION of the quadratus lumborum

A

lateral bend same side, hip hikers

25
Q

INNERVATION of the quadratus lumborum

A

subcostal nerve

26
Q

what are the symptoms of sciatica

A

pain, weakness, numbness or tingling in lower posterior extremities

27
Q

what is sciatica classified as anatomically

A

damaged sciatic nerve and weakened knees, lumbar sternosis

28
Q

how do you get a lumbar strain

A

pulling a muscle, resulting in a spasm

29
Q

what is a lumbar strain anatomically

A

a iliolumbar ligament strain

30
Q

what is a sports hernia anatomically

A

a strain or tear of any soft tissue (muscle, tendon, ligament) in the lower abdomen area

31
Q

how do you get a sports hernia

A

sudden changes of direction or intense twisting movements

32
Q

symptoms of an abdominal strain

A

pain during activites such as sprinting, striking a ball, coughing, stiffness after sitting

33
Q

ORIGIN of the iliocostalis cervicis

A

angles of ribs 3-6

34
Q

INSERTION of the iliocostalis cervicis

A

transverse processes of c4-c6

35
Q

ACTION of the iliocostalis cervicis

A

bilateral action: extends and hyperextends cervical vertebrae, bends neck up and down
unilateral actions: laterally flexes cervical vertebrae, tilting head side to side

36
Q

INNERVATION of the iliocostalis cervicis

A

dorsal rami of spinal nerves (c6-c8)

37
Q

what are the three parts of the trapezius

A

superior/descending, inferior/ascending, middle/transverse

38
Q

ORIGIN of the trapezius

A

from c5-t10 spinous processes

39
Q

INSERTION of the trapezius

A

lateral 1/3 of clavicle

40
Q

ACTION of the descending trapezius

A

ST joint: elevates scapula
ATO(occipital) joint: extends neck, laterally flexes neck
ATA(axial) joint: ensbles head rotation

41
Q

ACTION of the transverse trapezius

A

draws scapula medially, scapular retraction

42
Q

ACTION of the ascending trapezius

A

scapular depression

43
Q

ORIGIN of the latissimus dorsi

A

psinous processes of t7-l5, iliac crest of sacrum, thoracolumbar fascia, inferior angle or scapula, last few ribs

44
Q

INSERTION of the latissimus dorsi

A

floor of the intertubercular (bicipital) groove of humerusA

45
Q

ACTION of the latissimus dorsi

A

at GH joint: arm adduction, medially rotating, arm extension

46
Q

INNERVATION of the latissimus dorsi

A

thoracodorsal nerve (c6, 7 and 8)

MSA (13 decks)

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