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MSA > Forearm Muscles > Flashcards

Forearm Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two regions of the forearm

A

flexor forearm and extensor forearm

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2
Q

what are the three layers of the flexor forearm

A

superficial, intermediate, deep

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3
Q

what are the muscles of the superficial flexor forearm (4)

A

protenator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris

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4
Q

INSERTION of the pronator teres

A

middle of radial shaft (anterior and superficial)

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4
Q

ORIGIN of the pronator teres

A

humeral head: shaft proximal to medial epicondyle and common flexor tendon
ulnar head: coronoid process

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5
Q

ACTION of the pronator teres

A

pronation of forearm, assists with elbow flexion

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6
Q

INNERVATION of the pronator teres

A

median nerve (c6-7)

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7
Q

ORIGIN of the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus by common flexor tendon
ulnar head: olecranon and posterior border of ulna via an aponeurosis

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8
Q

INSERTION of the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

pisiform, hook of hamate and 5th metacarpal

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9
Q

INNERVATION of the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

ulnar nerve (c7-t1)

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9
Q

ACTION of the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

flexes and adducts the hand

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10
Q

ORIGIN of the palmaris longus

A

medial epicondyle of the humerus

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11
Q

INSERTION of the palmaris longus

A

flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis

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12
Q

ACTION of the palmaris longus

A

tense palmar aponeurosis, assists in wrist flexion

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13
Q

INNERVATION of the palmaris longus

A

median nerve (c7-8)

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14
Q

ORIGIN of the flexor carpi radialis

A

medial epicondyle of humerus by common flexor tendon

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15
Q

INSERTION of the flexor carpi radialis

A

bases of metacarpals 2-3

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16
Q

ACTION of the flexor carpi radialis

A

flexion and radial deviation (abduction) of the wrist, assists elbow flexion and forearm pronation

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17
Q

how many muscles are in the intermediate layer of the forearm AND what are they?

A

only one, the flexor digitorum superficialis

(can be referred to as in the superficial layer too if the text implies there is no intermediate layer)

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18
Q

ORIGIN of the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

humeral-ulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus by common flexor tendon, ulnar collateral ligament, medial side of coronoid process
radial head: oblique line on anterior surface of radial shaft

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19
Q

INSERTION of the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

shafts (bodies) of middle phalanges of medial four fingers

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20
Q

ACTION of the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

flexion of PIP joints of digits 2-5, assists with flexion of MCP joints of digits 2-5 and wrist flexion

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21
Q

INNERVATION of the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

median nerve (c8, t1)

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22
Q

what are the muscles in the deep layer (3)

A

flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus

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23
Q

ORIGIN of the flexor digitorum profundus

A

upper 3/4 pf anterior and medial surfaces of ulna, coronoid process via aponeurosis

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24
Q

INSERTION of the flexor digitorum profundus

A

phalangeal shaft of medial 4 digits on hand

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25
Q

ACTION of the flexor digitorum profundus

A

flexion of DIP joints of digits 2-5 and assists with flexion and MCP and PIP joints of digits 2-5 and wrist flexion

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26
Q

ORIGIN of the flexor pollicus longus

A

anterior surface if the middle shaft of the radius, interosseous membrane

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27
Q

INSERTION of the flexor pollicus longus

A

the distal phalanx of the thumb

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28
Q

ACTION of the flexor pollicus longus

A

flexion of IP joint of thumb, assists with flexion of MCP and CMC joints of thumb, assists wrist flexion

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29
Q

INNERVATION of the flexor pollicus longus

A

median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve, c7-8)

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30
Q

ORIGIN of the pronator quadratus

A

distal ulna

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31
Q

INSERTION of the pronator quadratus

A

radius anterior surface

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32
Q

ACTION of the pronator quadratus

A

forearm pronation

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33
Q

INNERVATION of the pronator quadratus

A

median nerve

34
Q

where do most extensor forearm muscles originate from

A

the lateral epicondyle

35
Q

whats the innervation of most extensor forearm muscles

A

radial nerve

36
Q

what muscles are in the superficial layer of the extensor forearm
(5)

A

brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis (longus and brevis), extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimum, extensor carpi ulnaris

37
Q

ORIGIN of the brachioradialis

A

proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus and lateral intermuscular septum

38
Q

INSERTION of the brachioradialis

A

styloid process (protuberance) of the radius

39
Q

ACTION of the brachioradialis

A

elbow flexion (strongest in the midprone position)

40
Q

INNERVATION of the brachioradialis

A

radial nerve (c5-6 and sometimes c7)

41
Q

ORIGIN of the extensor carpi radialis longus

A

lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus (same as brachioradialis), common extensor tendon, lateral intermuscular septum

42
Q

INSERTION of the extensor carpi radialis longus

A

dorsal aspect of the base of the 2nd metacarpal on the radial side

43
Q

ACTION of the extensor carpi radialis longus

A

extend and radially deviate wrist, assist elbow flexion

44
Q

INNERVATION

A

radial nerve (c6-7)

45
Q

ORIGIN of the extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon, radial collateral ligament of elbow joint

46
Q

INSERTION of the extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

the base of the third radial metacarpal (dorsal side)

47
Q

ACTION of the extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

extend wrist and assist with radial deviation

48
Q

INNERVATION of the extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

radial nerve (posterior interosseous branch) (c7-8)

49
Q

ORIGIN of the extensor digitorum

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon (same as radialis brevis)

50
Q

INSERTION of the extensor digitorum

A

divides into 4 tendons that insert into the extensor expansion of digits 2-5, (intermediate slips into middle phalanges and lateral slips into distal phalanges)

51
Q

ACTION of the extensor digitorum

A

extends MCP, PIP and DIP joints of digits 2-5, assists wrist extension

52
Q

INNERVATION of the extensor digitorum

A

radial nerve (posterior interosseous branch, c7-8)

53
Q

ORIGIN of the extensor digiti minimi

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon (same as radialis brevis and extensor digitorum

54
Q

INSERTION of the extensor digiti minimi

A

extension expansion of fifth digit on radial side

55
Q

ACTION of the extensor digiti minimi

A

extension of fifth digit at MCP, PIP and DIP joints, assists wrist extension and abduction of 5th digit

56
Q

INNERVATION of the extensor digiti minimi

A

radial nerve (posterior interosseous branch, c7-8)

57
Q

ORIGIN of the extensor carpi ulnaris

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon, posterior border of ulna by an aponeurosis shared by FCU and FDP

58
Q

INSERTION of the extensor carpi ulnaris

A

tubercle on dorsal aspect of fifth metacarpal base

59
Q

INNERVATION of the extensor carpi ulnaris

A

radial nerve (posterior interosseous branch, c7-8)

60
Q

what are the muscles in the deep layer of the extensor forearm (4)

A

supinator, abductor pollicus longus, extensor pollicus longus and brevis, extensor indicis

61
Q

ORIGIN of the supinator

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligaments, supinator crest of ulna

62
Q

INSERTION of the supinator

A

lateral surface of proximal 1/3 of radius, tuberosity and oblique line of radius

63
Q

ACTION of the supinator

A

supination of forearm

64
Q

INNERVATION of the supinator

A

radial nerve (post. inteross. c6-7)

65
Q

ORIGIN of the abductor pollicis longus

A

posterior surface if shaft of ulna, middle 1/3 of posterior shaft of radius and interosseous membrane

66
Q

INSERTION of the abductor pollicis longus

A

base of first metacarpal, trapezium

67
Q

ACTION of the abductor pollicis longus

A

extension and abduction of thumb at CMC joint, radial deviation, assists wrist abduction

68
Q

INNERVATION of the abductor pollicis longus

A

radial nerve (post inteross (c7-8)

69
Q

ORIGIN of the extensor pollicis longus

A

posterior surface of shaft of ulna, middle 1/3 of posterior shaft of radius and interosseous membrane

70
Q

INSERTION of the extensor pollicis longus

A

dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb

71
Q

ACTION of the extensor pollicis longus

A

extension of thumb at IP joint, assists with CMC and MP extensions, assists with radial deviation

72
Q

INNERVATION of the abductor pollicis longus

A

posterior interosseous nerve (c7-8), radial nerve

73
Q

ORIGIN of the extensor pollicis brevis

A

posterior surface of distal 1/3 of radius and interosseous membrane

74
Q

INSERTION of the extensor pollicis brevis

A

posterior surface of the base of the proximal phalanx

75
Q

ACTION of the extensor pollicis brevis

A

extends MCP joint of thumb and extension and adduction of CMC joint of thumb, assists with radial deviation and wrist extension

76
Q

INNERVATION of the extensor pollicis brevis

A

radial nerve (post inteross c7-8)

77
Q

ORIGIN of the extensor indicis

A

posterior surface of distal third of ulna below the origin of the EPL, interosseous membrane

78
Q

INSERTION of the extensor indicis

A

extensor expansion of second digit

79
Q

ACTION of the extensor indicis

A

extension of second finger at MCP, IP extension in conjunction with hand intrinsics of index finger, assists with extension

80
Q

INNERVATION of the extensor indicis

A

radial nerve (post inteross c7-8)

81
Q

what is De Quervain’s tenosynovitis

A

painful condition affection the tendons on the thumb side of your wrist. if you have De Quervain’s tenosynovitis, it will probably hurt every time you turn your wrist, grasp anything, or make a fist

82
Q

what is wrist drop

A

when the wrist remains flexed and cannot be extended

83
Q

what us wrist drop caused by

A

injury to the radial nerve of the forearm, paralysis of the muscles in the hand and wrist

MSA (13 decks)

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