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Forearm Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two regions of the forearm

A

flexor forearm and extensor forearm

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2
Q

what are the three layers of the flexor forearm

A

superficial, intermediate, deep

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3
Q

what are the muscles of the superficial flexor forearm (4)

A

protenator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris

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4
Q

INSERTION of the pronator teres

A

middle of radial shaft (anterior and superficial)

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4
Q

ORIGIN of the pronator teres

A

humeral head: shaft proximal to medial epicondyle and common flexor tendon
ulnar head: coronoid process

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5
Q

ACTION of the pronator teres

A

pronation of forearm, assists with elbow flexion

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6
Q

INNERVATION of the pronator teres

A

median nerve (c6-7)

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7
Q

ORIGIN of the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus by common flexor tendon
ulnar head: olecranon and posterior border of ulna via an aponeurosis

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8
Q

INSERTION of the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

pisiform, hook of hamate and 5th metacarpal

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9
Q

INNERVATION of the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

ulnar nerve (c7-t1)

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9
Q

ACTION of the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

flexes and adducts the hand

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10
Q

ORIGIN of the palmaris longus

A

medial epicondyle of the humerus

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11
Q

INSERTION of the palmaris longus

A

flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis

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12
Q

ACTION of the palmaris longus

A

tense palmar aponeurosis, assists in wrist flexion

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13
Q

INNERVATION of the palmaris longus

A

median nerve (c7-8)

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14
Q

ORIGIN of the flexor carpi radialis

A

medial epicondyle of humerus by common flexor tendon

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15
Q

INSERTION of the flexor carpi radialis

A

bases of metacarpals 2-3

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16
Q

ACTION of the flexor carpi radialis

A

flexion and radial deviation (abduction) of the wrist, assists elbow flexion and forearm pronation

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17
Q

how many muscles are in the intermediate layer of the forearm AND what are they?

A

only one, the flexor digitorum superficialis

(can be referred to as in the superficial layer too if the text implies there is no intermediate layer)

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18
Q

ORIGIN of the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

humeral-ulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus by common flexor tendon, ulnar collateral ligament, medial side of coronoid process
radial head: oblique line on anterior surface of radial shaft

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19
Q

INSERTION of the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

shafts (bodies) of middle phalanges of medial four fingers

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20
Q

ACTION of the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

flexion of PIP joints of digits 2-5, assists with flexion of MCP joints of digits 2-5 and wrist flexion

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21
Q

INNERVATION of the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

median nerve (c8, t1)

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22
Q

what are the muscles in the deep layer (3)

A

flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus

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23
ORIGIN of the flexor digitorum profundus
upper 3/4 pf anterior and medial surfaces of ulna, coronoid process via aponeurosis
24
INSERTION of the flexor digitorum profundus
phalangeal shaft of medial 4 digits on hand
25
ACTION of the flexor digitorum profundus
flexion of DIP joints of digits 2-5 and assists with flexion and MCP and PIP joints of digits 2-5 and wrist flexion
26
ORIGIN of the flexor pollicus longus
anterior surface if the middle shaft of the radius, interosseous membrane
27
INSERTION of the flexor pollicus longus
the distal phalanx of the thumb
28
ACTION of the flexor pollicus longus
flexion of IP joint of thumb, assists with flexion of MCP and CMC joints of thumb, assists wrist flexion
29
INNERVATION of the flexor pollicus longus
median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve, c7-8)
30
ORIGIN of the pronator quadratus
distal ulna
31
INSERTION of the pronator quadratus
radius anterior surface
32
ACTION of the pronator quadratus
forearm pronation
33
INNERVATION of the pronator quadratus
median nerve
34
where do most extensor forearm muscles originate from
the lateral epicondyle
35
whats the innervation of most extensor forearm muscles
radial nerve
36
what muscles are in the superficial layer of the extensor forearm (5)
brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis (longus and brevis), extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimum, extensor carpi ulnaris
37
ORIGIN of the brachioradialis
proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus and lateral intermuscular septum
38
INSERTION of the brachioradialis
styloid process (protuberance) of the radius
39
ACTION of the brachioradialis
elbow flexion (strongest in the midprone position)
40
INNERVATION of the brachioradialis
radial nerve (c5-6 and sometimes c7)
41
ORIGIN of the extensor carpi radialis longus
lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus (same as brachioradialis), common extensor tendon, lateral intermuscular septum
42
INSERTION of the extensor carpi radialis longus
dorsal aspect of the base of the 2nd metacarpal on the radial side
43
ACTION of the extensor carpi radialis longus
extend and radially deviate wrist, assist elbow flexion
44
INNERVATION
radial nerve (c6-7)
45
ORIGIN of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon, radial collateral ligament of elbow joint
46
INSERTION of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
the base of the third radial metacarpal (dorsal side)
47
ACTION of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
extend wrist and assist with radial deviation
48
INNERVATION of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
radial nerve (posterior interosseous branch) (c7-8)
49
ORIGIN of the extensor digitorum
lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon (same as radialis brevis)
50
INSERTION of the extensor digitorum
divides into 4 tendons that insert into the extensor expansion of digits 2-5, (intermediate slips into middle phalanges and lateral slips into distal phalanges)
51
ACTION of the extensor digitorum
extends MCP, PIP and DIP joints of digits 2-5, assists wrist extension
52
INNERVATION of the extensor digitorum
radial nerve (posterior interosseous branch, c7-8)
53
ORIGIN of the extensor digiti minimi
lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon (same as radialis brevis and extensor digitorum
54
INSERTION of the extensor digiti minimi
extension expansion of fifth digit on radial side
55
ACTION of the extensor digiti minimi
extension of fifth digit at MCP, PIP and DIP joints, assists wrist extension and abduction of 5th digit
56
INNERVATION of the extensor digiti minimi
radial nerve (posterior interosseous branch, c7-8)
57
ORIGIN of the extensor carpi ulnaris
lateral epicondyle of humerus via common extensor tendon, posterior border of ulna by an aponeurosis shared by FCU and FDP
58
INSERTION of the extensor carpi ulnaris
tubercle on dorsal aspect of fifth metacarpal base
59
INNERVATION of the extensor carpi ulnaris
radial nerve (posterior interosseous branch, c7-8)
60
what are the muscles in the deep layer of the extensor forearm (4)
supinator, abductor pollicus longus, extensor pollicus longus and brevis, extensor indicis
61
ORIGIN of the supinator
lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligaments, supinator crest of ulna
62
INSERTION of the supinator
lateral surface of proximal 1/3 of radius, tuberosity and oblique line of radius
63
ACTION of the supinator
supination of forearm
64
INNERVATION of the supinator
radial nerve (post. inteross. c6-7)
65
ORIGIN of the abductor pollicis longus
posterior surface if shaft of ulna, middle 1/3 of posterior shaft of radius and interosseous membrane
66
INSERTION of the abductor pollicis longus
base of first metacarpal, trapezium
67
ACTION of the abductor pollicis longus
extension and abduction of thumb at CMC joint, radial deviation, assists wrist abduction
68
INNERVATION of the abductor pollicis longus
radial nerve (post inteross (c7-8)
69
ORIGIN of the extensor pollicis longus
posterior surface of shaft of ulna, middle 1/3 of posterior shaft of radius and interosseous membrane
70
INSERTION of the extensor pollicis longus
dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb
71
ACTION of the extensor pollicis longus
extension of thumb at IP joint, assists with CMC and MP extensions, assists with radial deviation
72
INNERVATION of the abductor pollicis longus
posterior interosseous nerve (c7-8), radial nerve
73
ORIGIN of the extensor pollicis brevis
posterior surface of distal 1/3 of radius and interosseous membrane
74
INSERTION of the extensor pollicis brevis
posterior surface of the base of the proximal phalanx
75
ACTION of the extensor pollicis brevis
extends MCP joint of thumb and extension and adduction of CMC joint of thumb, assists with radial deviation and wrist extension
76
INNERVATION of the extensor pollicis brevis
radial nerve (post inteross c7-8)
77
ORIGIN of the extensor indicis
posterior surface of distal third of ulna below the origin of the EPL, interosseous membrane
78
INSERTION of the extensor indicis
extensor expansion of second digit
79
ACTION of the extensor indicis
extension of second finger at MCP, IP extension in conjunction with hand intrinsics of index finger, assists with extension
80
INNERVATION of the extensor indicis
radial nerve (post inteross c7-8)
81
what is De Quervain's tenosynovitis
painful condition affection the tendons on the thumb side of your wrist. if you have De Quervain's tenosynovitis, it will probably hurt every time you turn your wrist, grasp anything, or make a fist
82
what is wrist drop
when the wrist remains flexed and cannot be extended
83
what us wrist drop caused by
injury to the radial nerve of the forearm, paralysis of the muscles in the hand and wrist

MSA (13 decks)

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