Spinal cord injury

Question 1

Motor lesions

Answer 1

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Poliomyelitis

Question 2

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (MND)

Answer 2

Affects both upper (corticospinal tracts) and lower motor neurones

Results in combination of UMN and LMN signs

Question 3

Poliomyelitis

Answer 3

Affects anterior horns resulting in LMN signs

Question 4

Combined motor and sensory lesions

Answer 4

Brown-Sequard syndrome

Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord

Friedrich’s ataxia

Anterior spinal artery occlusion

Syringomyelia

Multiple sclerosis

Question 5

Brown-sequard syndrome

Answer 5

Spinal cord hemisection

Tracts affected:
- lateral corticospinal tract
- dorsal columns
- lateral spinothalamic tract

Ipsilateral spastic paresis below lesion
Ipsilateral loss of proprioception and vibration sensation
Contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation

Question 6

Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord

Answer 6

Vitamin B12 and E deficiency

Tracts affected
- lateral corticospinal tracts
- dorsal columns
- spinocerebellar tracts

Bilateral spastic paresis
Bilateral loss of proprioception and vibration sensation
Bilateral limb ataxia

Question 7

Anterior spinal occlusion

Answer 7

Tracts affected
- same as subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord

Same features as subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord
Also cerebellar ataxia

Question 8

Syringomyelia

Answer 8

Tracts affected
- ventral horns
- lateral spinothalamic tract

Flacid paresis
Loss of pain and temperature sensation

Question 9

Mulstiple sclerosis

Answer 9

Tracts affected
- asymmetrical, varying spinal tracts involved

Combination of motor, sensory and ataxia symptoms

Question 10

Sensory lesions

Answer 10

Neurosyphilis (tabes dorsalis)

Question 11

Neurosyphilis

Answer 11

Tracts affected
- dorsal columns

Loss of proprioception and vibration sensation